. 


THE  LIBRARY 
OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


L  •  v 

*•  *i  /• ' 
*  tr    i 


—TO— 


MUNSON'S  COMPLETE 
PHONOGRAPHER, 


CONTAINING 

WORDS    AND     PHRASES    FROM     BUSINESS    CORRESPONDENCE, 
CLASSIFIED  UNDER  CONDENSED   RULES;   ALSO,  LISTS  OF 
WORDS  DISTINGUISHED,  LAW  TERMS,  AND  WORD- 
SIGNS   AND   ABBREVIATIONS,  WITH    THEIR 
PHONOGRAPHIC  OUTLINES. 


PREPARED  BY 

M.     E.     ROBBINS 

Cooper  Union,  New  York. 


NEW  YORK. 
1891. 


PRESS   OF   A.  H.  KELLOGG,  96-98   READE   ST.,  NEW   YORK. 


LESSONS   I.,   II.,   III. 


25  CONSONANT  STEMS. 


\  Sounded  as  p    in  Pay,  pill,  put,  pile,  puff,   pop,  pool,  peal, 

\  paw. 

\ 


b    "  Bar,  bake,  but.  big,  beg,  ball,  bow,  boom, 
book. 


I 


"        "    t    "  Tar,  time,   tea,   tap,  tell,   took,  tug,   top 
tool,  toe. 

"        "    d    "  Dark,  day,  deep,  deck,  dig,  dawn,  did,  do, 
dock,  dine. 

/"        "    ch  "  Charm,   chain,  cheek,  check,  chill,  chalk, 
choke,  chum,  chop,  cheer. 

/  '•        "  j     "  Jest,  jar.  jail,  jeer,  jam,  jaw,  joke,  jump, 

June,  joy. 

"        "    k    "  Keep,  kill,  keg,  keen,  kick,  key,  kite,  keel, 
— —  kid,  kind. 

"        '•    g    "  Good,  gun,  grown,  gale,  girl,  grape,  guide, 
•"••  give,  game,  guess. 

V  u        i«   f     «  Far>  fam6)   fee])   fair?   fed)   fiu^  foe    fool) 

fun,  foot. 

I  «         a    v    a  Ygj^   veal,   van,   very,    vim,   vault,   vote, 

vied,  void,  vow. 

"         "    th  "  Theme,  thank,  theft,  think,  thaw,  thumb, 
thigh,  thought,  three,  throne. 


(4  SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS. 

Sounded  as  dhr  in  They,  thee,  than,  then,  this,  though,  thus, 
thy,  thine,  thou. 

/  "        '•    s     "  Say,  see,  sad,  soon,  set,  saw,  sigh,  soil, 

sue,  so. 


"        "    z     "  Zero,  zest,  zone,  zebra,  zeal,  zigzag,  zealot, 
zenith,  zephyr,  zany. 

->X  "        "    sh  "  Shark,    shape,    sheep,   shall,   show,   shell, 

ship,  shoe,  shoot,  shawl. 

^^r  "        "    zh  "  Azure,  vision,   collision,  leisure,  measure, 

collusion,  seizure,  pleasure. 

/^-^  "        "    m    "  Ma,  may,  meek,  map,  met,  mud,  Maud, 

mope,  moon,  mind. 

s* — x1*  ';        "    n    "  Nay,  neat,  nap,  net,  no,  noon,  nod,  nook, 

nor,  nudge. 

^^ ^  "        "   ing"  Ring,  bring,  sing,  fling,  rang,  bang,  sung, 

wing,  lung,  young. 

f  "        "    I     "  Lay,   lard,  leap,  lap,  lid,  law,  live,  low, 

(Struck  up)  loop,  lug, 

"        "    r    "  Bar,  tear,  fair,  her,  jar,  or,  oar,  fur,  pure, 
near. 


^"^  "        "    r     "  Rake,  read,  rack,  red,  rig,  raw,  rule,  rod, 

(Struck  up)  rub,  roll. 

I  "        "    w    "  Wad,  wake,  week,  wag,  wit,  wedge,  wall, 

wove,  wool,  wide. 

f  n        a    y    a  Yarn,  yea,  year,  yet,  yes,  yeast,  you,  yoke, 

yield,  yore. 

^~^%  •'        "    h    "  Hay,  heap,  hat,  ham,  hot,  hoe,  hall,  hood, 

hut,  hill. 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  5 

All  consonant  stems,  except  Ree,  are  derived  from  the  follow- 
ing circles : 


JtY£ 


All  perpendicular  or  inclined  stems  are  written  downward, 
except  L  and  Ree. 

Horizontal  stems  are  written  from  left  to  right. 

R,  when  preceded  by  a  vowel,  has  the  sound  of  Er — as,  oar 
and  or;  but  when  used  at  the  beginning  of  a  word,  it  has  the 
sound  of  Ree — as,  rod  and  ray. 

Ree  is  always  written  upward,  and  stands  at  an  angle  midway 
between  CH  and  K  :  thus  : 


T      C4 


6  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

VOWELS. 

Vowels  are  indicated  by  three  each  light  and  heavy  dots,  and 
light  and  heavy  dashes.  These  are  distinguished  by  being  placed 
at  the  beginning,  middle,  and  end  of  stem  for  first,  second,  and 
third  place  vowels. 

SIMPLE    VOWELS. 

X"  LONG  DOT  VOWELS. 


First  place, 


a      as  in  Arm,  ark,  arch,  art,  arbor, 


•I     Y  are. 

Second  "  .  a         "      Ale,   aid,   a,ble,   aim,  ache> 


age,  ague. 

Third     "  e         "      Eat,   eve,  each,   ear,   easy, 

east,  ease. 


First  place, 


SHORT  DOT  VOWELS. 

a     as  in  And,  am,   add,    act,  acid, 


rev         do    ui    A.UU,     CLii 
apple. 

.  e         "      Egg,   ebb,    led,    bet,   eddy, 

f  every. 

Third     "  \         "      111,    if,  is,   it,   issue,  idiot, 

Italy. 


/"  LONG  DASH  VOWELS. 

First  place,         "  ^_  a     as  in  All,   also,    awful,    auction, 

•J     f  August,  always. 

Second  "                  >  6         "      Own,  only,  old,  over,  open. 

f  oath. 

Third     "  oo       "      Fool,     school,     cool,     tool, 

doom,  broom. 


SHORT  DASH   VOWELS. 


First  place,              ^  6  as  in  Of,  on,  odd,  hot,  not,  dot, 

~j     i  shot,  lot. 

Second  "                  >  u  "      Up,  us,  run,  fun,  cut,  dug, 

I  utter. 

—  I     (  ^ 

Third     "  oo  Look,    cook,    shook,    took, 

book,  foot. 


SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS.  7 

DIPHTHONGS  OR  DOUBLE  VOWELS. 

First  place,   _  v|     f~~      i      as  in  Ice,  ire,  item,  ivy,  iron, 

idle. 

" 1  </^~      oi       "      Toy,  boil,  coin,  foil,  oily, 

oyster. 

x*~      ow     "      Cow,    how,    now,     out, 
u'  hour,  sour. 

Third      "        s^-      u         "       Few,   sue,   knew,  cube, 

>'     (  pure,  fuel. 

Diphthongs  should  always  point  in  the  proper  direction, 
regardless  of  the  form  of  the  stem. 

In  writing  a  word,  the  consonant  stem  is  always  written 
first. 

Order  of  reading  :  Vowels  placed  to  perpendicular  or  inclined 
stems  are  read  from  left  to  right,  as  in  longhand ;  when  placed 
to  horizontals,  they  are  read  from  top  to  bottom. 

CAUTION. — The  point  of  beginning  of  any  s/em  is  always  ./?rs£ 
vowel  place  ;  the  middle,  second  place  ;  and  the  end,  third  place. 

When  two  vowels  occur  together,  either  before  or  after  a 
consonant  stem,  the  vowel  which  is  read  next  to  the  stem  is 
placed  nearest  it. 

CONSONANT  POSITIONS. 

The  consonant  stem  has  three  positions  with  respect  to  line 
of  writing. 

The  position  of  consonant  stem  is  governed  by  the  place  of 
vowel. 

If  there  is  more  than  one  vowel,  the  consonant  must  agree 
with  the  accented  vowel. 

FIRST  position  of  all  stems  is  above  the  line. 

\  i  /  —  -^  ^  r  s~\ 


SECOND  position  of  all  stems,  on  the  line. 

A I L 


SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS. 


THIRD  position  of  perpendicular  or  inclined  stems,  halfway 
through  the  line. 

— V-l / £ ) ^ ^ 

THIRD  position  of  Jiorizontal  stems,  entirely  below  the  line. 


Therefore,  in'writing  a'word,  we  have  to  consider  : 
1st.  The  vowel  and  its  place. 

2d.  Write  the  stem  in  its  proper  position  to  agree  with  the 
vowel,  or  with  the  accented  vowel  if  there  be  more  than  one. 
3d.  Place  the  vowel  to  the  stem. 


A  dash  vowel  should  be  written  at  a  right  angle  with  that 
part  of  stem  at  which  it  is  written. 


ONE  CONSONANT  WORDS. 


aid 

Poe 

egg 

die 

shy 

out 

gnaw 

eke 

it 

chew 

my 

Ike 

yea 

sea 

on 

joy 

mow 

easy 

woo 

paw 

us 

Jew 

nigh 

airy 

ray    % 

each 

of 

cow 

now 

any 

or 

do 

up 

cue 

mew 

alloy 

ye 

lea 

ash 

fie 

new 

issue 

ease 

eel 

ebb 

few 

lie 

Amy 

thee 

go 

if 

vie 

ire 

alley 

she" 

two 

air 

vow 

our 

era 

ooze 

ear 

edge 

view 

wry 

essay 

knee 

tea 

Ann 

thy 

row 

allow 

ought 

know 

ell 

sigh 

how 

echo 

fee 

am 

pie 

sue 

high 

Eva 

H 


SUPPLEMENTARY  LESSONS.  9 

CONTRACTIONS. 

• 
^ln  or  and  ..........  A.  .  .  A  ----  .  ...........  the...  ............. 

I  or  of  .....  ^  ........  awe  .  T.  ......  ,  .....  Oh  or  owe  fft-+ 

o 

as  or  has  ............  is  or  his  ..............  self.  .9  .............. 

o 

to  or  too  ........  .  ____  who,  whom  ......  ,  ......................... 

SENTENCES. 

It  is  day  now,  and  you  may  row  on  the  bay. 

The  ice  may  thaw  if  we  go  on  it. 

She  may  be  away,  or  she  may  be  ill. 

I  may  pay  all  I  owe  in  a  day  or  so. 

On  any  day  you  may  see  us  in  the  alley. 

Is  Eddie  in  Ohio  now  or  in  Iowa? 

The  hour  is  up  and  you  may  go  away. 

Ella  and  Addie  may  go  out  to  tea  if  we  do. 

If  I  am  away  on  the  sea,  you  may  be  too. 

I  am  to  pay  you  if  you  aid  me  in  any  way. 

You  may  die  if  you  eat  pie,  though  you  may  eat  an  egg. 

The  oak  and  ash  are  up  high  in  the  air. 

Though  we  are  so  easy,  we  may  sue  you  ere  you  go  away, 
and  you  pay  the  fee. 

Now  the  cow  is  at  the  hay  mow.  Is  it  my  cow  ?  You  ought 
to  know,  as  you  saw  it. 

May  thy  way  be  all  joy. 


LESSON    IV. 

Two  or  more  consonant  stems  may  be  joined  (without  remov- 
ing the  pencil),  writing  the  stems  in  the  same  direction  as  when 
alone,  and  placing  the  vowels  to  the  consonants. 

When  two  curved  stems,  derived  from  the  same  circle, 
naturally  forming  a  semicircle,  are  joined,  there  should  be  no 
angle  between  them  ;  except  H  and  S.  These  require  a  slight 
angle  in  order  to  make  the  latter  stem  sufficiently  light. 

When  two  curves  derived  from  different  circles  are  joined, 
there  should  be  an  angle  between  them.  (See  page  5.) 

The  position  of  the  first  perpendicular  or  inclined  stem  in  a 
word  must  agree  with  the  accented  vowel. 

Vowels  occurring  between  two  stems  are  placed  as  follows  : 

All  first  place  and  long  second  place  are  written  to  the  stem 
which  precedes  the  vowel. 

All  third  place  and  short  second  place  are  written  to  the 
stem  which  follows  the  vowel. 


ORDER  OF  WRITING. 

1st.  Determine  the  accented  vowel. 

2d.  Write  outline  so  that  the  position  of  the  first  perpendicular 
or  inclined  stem  shall  agree  with  the  accented  vowel. 

3d.    Place  the  vowels  to  the  stems  according  to  above  rules. 

ORDER  OF  READING. 

The  same  as  when  only  one  stem  is  used — perpendicular  or 
inclined  stems  from  left  to  right,  and  horizontals  from  top  to 
bottom. 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  11 

take  package  following 

like  period  managing 

enjoy  readily  apology 

vouch  touching  making 

deny  deeming  keeping 

both  joking  catching 

cash  month  topic 

laying  unfair  to-morrow 

although  pushing  attaching 

shape  voyaging  deputy 

big  foaming  ingenuity 

delay  matching  alleging 

SENTENCES. 

Do  you  enjoy  life,  or  are  you  in  a  hurry  to  be  rich  ? 

The  book  is  read  by  old  and  young. 

We  rode  an  hour  in  the  park,  and  saw  many  we  knew. 

Do  you  know  how  deep  the  lake  is,  and  how  long? 

Being  weary,  I  lay  in  the  hammock  all  day,  and  read  the 
book  you  liked  so  much. 

Take  a  walk  on  the  beach  and  out  on  the  pier,  and  look  at  the 
sea. 

You  ought  to  be  laying  up  money  for  a  rainy  day. 

It  is  unfair  to  ask  me  to  pay  you  the  cash  to-morrow, 
although  1  may  do  so. 

Do  you  enjoy  fishing  as  much  as  you  like  fish  ?  I  do  if  I  am 
catching  any. 


LESSON   V. 

With  a  few  exceptions  a  small  circle  may  be  substituted  for 
the  stem  signs  S  and  Z. 

The  circle  should  be  written  on  the  right  side  of  straight 
perpendicular  or  inclined  stems,  on  the  upper  side  of  straight 
horizontals,  and  inside  of  curved  stems. 

The  circle  should  be  written  to  Ree  the  same  as  K  and  G. 


No  vowel  can  precede  an  initial  circle,  nor  follow  a  final  one. 


INITIAL  CIRCLE. 

soon  specie  speedy 

sick  swim  suiting 

sail  sneak  scheme 

some  sealing  Senate 

slowly  solid  signing 

sweep  Sunday  ceremony 

saving  safety  summary 

FINAL  CIRCLE. 

miss  items  rejoice 

knows  always  appears 

nice  theories  anxious 

does  repose  advice 

peace  invoice  cautious 

gaze  notice  cheapness 

loose  famous  thickness 

this  device  announce 

guess  makes  minus 

mix  knocks  annex 

tax  refuse  follows 

hums  copies  induce 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  13 

INITIAL  AND  FINAL  CIRCLES. 

signs  sleeps  surveys 

sales  speeches  slowness 

seeds  sketches  smokes 

suppose  sadness  sickness 

six  swings  spheres 

sums  snaps  sweeps 

S  CIRCLE  BETWEEN  STEMS. 

When  two  straight  stems  are  struck  in  the  same  direction,  the 
circle  should  be  written  as  to  one  stem. 

tacit  tasty  Tuesday 

resource  deceit  outside 

The  circle  should  be  written  outside  the  angle  between  two 
straight  stems,  forming  an  angle  at  their  junction. 

besides  despise  expose  exceeding 

upset  receipt  discuss  dispatch 

beseech  disobey  opposite  laxity 

succeed  sixty  dispose  disappear 

episode  disguise  bestow  custody 

deposit  reside  sagacity  injustice 

If  one  or  both  are  curved  stems,  the  circle  should  be  written 
inside  the  curve. 

chosen  business  facing 

desire  receives  losing 

dozen  passing  facile 

honesty  pacify  •          vessel 

specifies  sincere  fasten 

answers  insight  using 

absence  hasty  refusing 

ensued  opposing  salesman 

reason  associate  vicinity 

dismiss  raising  enthusiasm 

disease  music  dishonesty 

causing  soliciting  Messrs. 


14  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Between  two  curved  stems  struck  in  opposite  directions,  the 
circle  should  be  written  inside  the^trs^  curve. 

lesson  amazing  hasten 

moisten  losing  amusing 

license  amassing  masonic 

Between  two  curves  struck  in  opposite  directions,  and  form- 
ing an  acute  angle,  the  circle  should  be  turned  outside  the  angle. 

nicely  facility 

vacillate  unsullied 


LESSON   VI. 

EXCEPTIONS  TO  THE  USE  OF  8  CIRCLE. 

Always  use  the  S  or  Z  stem  when  it  is  preceded  or  followed 
by  two  concurrent  vowels. 

saying  joyous  curious 

seeing  sewer  spurious 

sighing  essaying  ingenuous 

miasma  fatuous  museum 

Use  the  S  or  Z  stem  when  it  is  the  first  consonant  preceded 
by  a  vowel ;  or,  the  last  consonant  followed  by  a  vowel. 

assets  also  uneasy 

asking  racy  Lucy 

acid  dizzy  tipsy 

asleep  fussy  ecstasy 

aspire  spicy  efficacy 

eyesight  cozy  policy 

assignee  busy  pursue 

essence  noisy  accuracy 

usurp  rosy  solvency 

Always  use  Z  stem  when  it  is  the  first  consonant  in  a  word. 

zone  zealot  Ezra 

easiness  zoology  zealous 

LARGE  CIRCLE. 

When  two  s  or  z  sounds  occur  together,  with  only  a  vowel 
between  them,  a  large  circle  may  be  used  in  same  manner  as 
small  one  ;  and,  if  the  vowel  is  accented,  it  may  be  written  inside 
the  circle. 

season  cases  voices 

sausage  .  supposes  induces 

success  races  taxes 


16  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

boxes  forces  desist 

rises  exposes  necessary 

faces  devices  excessive 

masses  resources  insist 

analysis  exercise  successors 

notices  emphasis  precisely 

SMALL  LOOP. 

The  sound  of  st  or  zd  may  be  represented  by  a  small  loop, 
written  on  the  circle  side,  and  extending  one-third  the  length  of 
the  stem.  This  loop  may  be  used  initially,  finally  or  in  the 
middle  of  words. 

In  the  middle  of  words,  the  stem  should  be  crossed  in  writing 
a  circle,  but  not  in  writing  a  loop. 

stops  zest  disposed  honestly 

sticks  west  copyist  jesting 

steer  forced  advised  testing 

states  taxed  fixed  vastly 

stoves  utmost  noticed  destiny 

stale  reposed  mixed  tasting 

statue  oldest  annexed  costly 

steaming  refused  incased  justness 

stealing  earliest  induced  earnestly 

studying  mixed  unjust  adjusting 

LARGE  LOOP. 

The  ster  sound  is  represented  by  a  large  loop  extending  two- 
thirds  the  length  of  the  stem.  This  is  never  used  at  the  beginning 
of  words. 

foster  monster  songster 

lustre  register  mastering 

coaster  teamster  lobster 

vaster  sinister  disturb 

A  small  s  or  z  circle  may  be  added  to  the  large  circle,  or 
either  of  the  loops,  by  crossing  the  stem  and  placing  the  circle  on 
the  opposite  side.  • 

excesses  costs  posters 

recesses  wastes  fosters 

exercises  hosts  masters 


LESSON   VII. 

L  or  E  (Ree)  stem  is  struck  upward  when  it  is  the  first  sound 
in  the  word  ;  and  downward  (Er)  when  it  is  the  last  sound  in  the 
word. 


up 
like 
lack 
lake 
lime 
leak 
loom 
log 
lame 
lucky 
lamb 
league 


down 

foul 

up 
rush 

guile 
toll 

rob 
renew 

fail 

wreck 

pole 
tale 

retail 
ruinous 

foil 

receive 

peal 
vile 

rainy 
refuse 

appall 
disposal 

reposed 
renewal 

R 


L  or  R  (Ree)  is  struck  upward  when  it  is  the  last  consonant  in 
a  word  followed  by  a  vowel. 


mellow 

follow 

lily 

billow 

July 

daily 

rely 

chilly 


R 

rally 

borrow 

thorough 

lowly 

worry 

hurry 

relay 

merry 

jury 

below 

bowery 

vary 

shyly 

marry 

ferry 

duly 

dowry 

ivory 

highly 

morrow 

tarry 

outlay 

fairy 

dairy 

L  is  struck  upward  when  it  is  the  only  stem  in  a  word. 


ill 

eel 

seal 

lease 

loose 


allay 

lieu 

slow 

loss 

lies 


oil 
low 

silly 
laws 
least 


Ella 

isle 

alley 

last 

allays 


18  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

L  is  struck  upward  when  followed  by  a  down  stroke  (e.  g., 
throwing  a  ball  in  the  air  ;  it  must  be  thrown  up  in  order  to  come 
down). 

life  leave  lobby 

aloof  always  latch 

elope  leap  loath 

elegy  live  ledge 

R  (Er)  is  always  struck  downward  when  it  is  the  first  or  only 
consonant  preceded  by  a  vowel. 

array  argue  earnestly 

sir  early  earlier 

arouse  airily  seriously 

Downstroke  L  when  preceded  by  a  vowel  and  followed  by  a 
horizontal  stem. 

ailing  Elmira  allegory 

elect  allowance  alumni 

Downstroke  L  when  followed  by  MP  or  MB. 

lamp  limp  lumpy  limbo  lymph 

Downstroke  R  (Er)  when  followed  by  M  or  H. 

rim  aroma  room  rummage 

arming  ceremony  remedy  remove 

Upstroke  R  (Ree)  when  followed  by  TH,  DH,  CH,  J. 

wreathe  ridge  righteous 

richly  rejoiced  register 

arching  raging  archly 

rhythm  regimen  Ruth 

In  the  middle  of  words,  upstroke  R  and  L  are  preferred. 

carrying  worrying  dilemma  following 

horrify  verify  delaying  relying 

March  outrage  mollify  mileage 

territory  borrowing  Italic  unload 


LESSON   VIII. 


The  I  or  r  sound,  when  immediately  following  another  con- 
sonant, is  indicated  by  a  hook  written  at  the  beginning  of  the 
stem  it  follows. 

On  straight  stems,  a  small  hook  for  I  is  placed  on  the  right  or 
circle  side  of  the  stem  ;  the  r  hook,  on  the  opposite  side. 

On  curved  stems,  a  large  hook  at  the  beginning,  and  turned 
inside  the  stem,  is  used  for  I,  and  a  small  hook  for  r. 

The  hook  is  always  written  first,  but  it  is  read  after  the  stem. 

STRAIGHT  STEMS  WITH  L  AND  R  HOOKS. 

closed 

glee, 

place 

classes 

oral 

blaze 

please 

glazed 

agile 

glass 

plaster 

bluster 

globe 

CURVED  STEMS  WITH  L  AND  R  HOOKS. 


black 

address 

K 

prejudice 

click 

praise 

precisely 

pluck 

drop 

promise 

gleam 

prices 

protest 

oblige 

trusting 

pressing 

claims 

tracer 

groceries 

pledge 

produce 

presume 

cloth 

_  previous 

premium 

clear 

proposes 

price-list 

placing 

proceeds 

criticism 

dealer 

breath 

precious 

climax 

trunk 

previously 

blame 

trial 

predecessor 

R 


easily 

oval 

evil 

easel 

flies 


unless 
floor 
only 
flowers 


affray 

inner 

every 

over 

others 


energy 
freely 
France 
Friday 


L  AND  R  HOOKS   IN  THE  MIDDLE  OF  WORDS. 


deeply 
suitable 
original 
chiefly 


legible 
pitiful 
desirable 
negotiable 


powder 
liberal 
neighbor 
betray 


R 


sundries 
voucher 
intrust 
increasing 


20 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


L 

R 

double 

bushel 

dinner                    richer 

pickle 

channel 

defray                    repress 

joyful 

shovel 

keeper                    generosity 

final 

weekly 

ledger                    loafer 

staple 

local 

maker                     depressed 

implies 

employers 

favor                      figure 

enables 

likely 

colors                     vigorous 

simply 

implicit 

astray                    archery 

ample 

reasonable 

erasure                   wager 

noble 

libel 

impressing             embraced 

legal 

samples 

inferior                   defer 

assembly 

lawful 

measure                 pleasure 

level 

arrival 

impoverish             censure 

inclosed 

payable 

newspaper             minor 

unjustifiable 

vocal 

slumbers                banner 

enviable 

muzzle 

winner                    deference 

removal 

feeble 

robbery                   numerous 

audibly 

capable 

liberty                     thinner 

ridicule 

obstacle 

lunar                       embroidery 

MEDIAL   HOOK 

FORMED    BY    RETRACING    PRECEDING 

STEM. 

L 

B 

replace 

reply 

joker                        digger 

circles 

cable 

ticker                      poodle 

couple 

reclaims 

packer                     depressed 

rebel 

gable 

progress                  weaker 

L  AND  B  HOOKS  ON  BOTH  STEMS. 

playful 

honorable                    marvel 

plainly 

troubles                       privileges 

glazier 

treasure                       criminal 

glimmer 

pressure                       traveling 

flicker 

preference                   fresher 

plainer 

trifle                             braver 

fulfilling 

driver                          preacher 

pleasure 

agreeable                    brokerage 

WORDS 

IN  WHICH  THE  BEL  IS  USED. 

girl 

narrowly                   necessarily 

hurl 

nearly                        sincerely 

merely 

clearly                       demoralized 

plural 

wearily                     thoroughly 

LESSON    IX. 

SPECIAL  VOCALIZATION. 

The  r  or  I  hook  may  sometimes  be  used  when  there  is  a 
distinct  vowel  intervening,  and  the  vowel  written  as  follows  : 

The  heavy  dot  vowel,  by  a  small  circle  placed  before  the  stem 
in  its  proper  place. 

The  light  dot  vowel,  by  a  small  circle  placed  after  the  stem. 

The  stronger,   or  heavy  dot,   naturally  preceding  the  stem, 
and  the  weaker,  or  light  dot,  following. 

The  dash  vowels  and  diphthongs  are  struck  across  the  stems, 
or  at  the  end  if  they  interfere  with  a  hook. 


DOT  VOWELS,  SPECIAL  VOCALIZATION. 


rail 

bearers 

perceive 

impoverish 

hill 

failure 

defer 

engineers 

cheer 

partial 

average 

adversity 

deal 

daring 

ability 

terminal 

aware 

charity 

mailing 

telegrams 

feel 

nervous 

pioneer 

proposal 

nearest 

cheerful 

anarchy 

mercury 

jar 

harbor 

penalty 

calumny 

wail 

valuable 

eternal 

preferring 

averse 

earner 

prefer 

liberal 

nail 

philosophy 

careful 

telescope 

dark 

relate 

embarrassed 

parlor 

verge 

reliable 

energy 

harmony 

terms 

parties 

rarely 

parsimony 

harm 

person 

releasing 

charming 

germ 

wearing 

welfare 

preparing 

harsh 

careless 

generous 

farming 

jerk 

parcel 

marvel 

overwhelm 

22  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

DASH  VOWELS  AND  DIPHTHONGS,  SPECIAL 
VOCALIZATION. 

wool  murmur  nullify  falseness 

core  nourish  enormous  figure 

mire  colonize  purchase  retire 

hole  incur  assurance  befallen 

burst  wholesale  apologize  indorsed 

yore  ignore  procure  encouraging 

cool  empire  occurrences  censure 

dull  warm  former  reimburse 

curse  recur  authority  courtesy 

worse  journal  falling  cordially 

coal  vulgar  rulable  collateral 

horse  normal  surety  journeying 

nurse  fulfill  foreign  purchaser 

north  ridicule  recourse  temporarily 

A  small  circle  may  be  placed  on  any  hook,  and  is  always 
read  first. 

suffer  cycle  school 

small  sooner  civilized 

cipher  sickly  severity 

subtle  sever  suffrage 

S  CIRCLE  AND  HOOKS  IN  THE  MIDDLE  OF  WORDS. 

peacefully  possible  personal 

plausible  dishonorable  physical 

prisoner  displeasing  pdducible 

deceiver  fusible  noticeable 

Instead  of  writing  the  s  circle  on  the  r  hook,  the  hook  may 
be  shown  by  writing  the  s  circle  on  the  r  side  of  STRAIGHT  stems. 
The  large  circle  and  st  loop  may  also  be  written  in  the  same  way. 
This  class  of  words  is  called  the  sper  series. 

sadder  cedar  strides 

sicker  scoring  stream 

solder  scourge  strong 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  23 

struck  string  strenuous 

strike  scarcity  scrupulous 

stroke  security  sacrifice 

striker  spread  struggling 

struggle  scarcely  superior 

storms  spring  supreme 

8  CIRCLE  ON  JR  HOOK  SIDE  OF  STEMS  IN  THE  MIDDLE 

OF  WORDS. 

destroying  disgracing  descry 

disasterous  prosperity  etcetera 

discouraging  prosperous  discourse 

obscurely  disagreeably  distressing 

WORDS  IN  WHICH  BOTH  R  HOOK  AND  S  CIRCLE  MUST 

APPEAR. 

mystery  restore  solicitor 

extremely  expressed  mastery 

external  expiring  inextricably 

registry  expressage  ministry 

hysterical  massacre  posterity 

restrict  vesper  masker 

An  initial  large  hook  on  the  circle  or  I  hook  side  of  straight 
stems,  may  be  used  for  the  consonant  W. 

quick  quiver  bequeath 

quiz  quickly  twinkle 

quoth  quicker  quench 

quite  quietness  acquiesce 

queer  twirl  squalor 

^y  queerly  inquiry  requisite 

query  sanguinary  inadequacy 

In,  en,  un,  may  be  prefixed  to  stems  with  an  initial  circle  by 
crossing  the  stem  with  a  little  curl. 

unseemly  unsafe  unsullied 

enslaves  inspirable  insatiable 

insular  insoluble  •    unceremonious 

enseal  unsalable  unscrupulous 

The  y  hook,  a  large  hook  on  r  side  of  straight  stems,  is  only 
used  in  phrasing. 


LESSON   X. 

FAND  F  HOOKS. 


Consonants  f  or  v  may  be  added  to  any  straight  stem  by  a 
small  final  hook  on  the  right  or  circle  side,  the  hook  being  read 
after  the  stem  and  its  vowels.  This  hook  may  also  be  used  in  the 
middle  of  words. 

curve  paving  river  graphic 

brief  cover  divine  reverses 

cliff  defense  puffing  discover 

groove  devoid  toughen  devote 

engrave  proving  chafing  refreshing 

deprive  driving  traffic  improving 

deserve  braving  provoke  depraving 

positive  diving  driven  stenographic 

tariff  telephone  advanced  undeviating 

A  long  narrow  final  hook  may  be  used  for  /  or  v  on  curved 
stems,  but,  like  the  y  hook,  it  is  only  used  in  phrasing. 


N  HOOK. 

Consonant  n  is  indicated  by  a  small  final  hook  on  the  left  or 
r  hook  side  of  straight  stems,  and  by  a  small  final  hook  inside 
curved  stems.  Also  used  in  the  middle  of  words. 

grain  one  obtain  bargain 

drawn  deepen  pardon  sermon 

down  detain  beaten  specimen 

clean  refine  tighten  examine 

keen  broken  uneven  retain 

join  incline  regain  engine 

upon  remain  origin  outdone 

session  taken  weaken  turn 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


25 


enjoin 

reckon 

routine 

rejoin 

women 


slacken 

discern 

enshrine 

marine 

discipline 


unknown 

imagine 

machine 

pertain 

brighten 


cotton 

recline 

quicken 

margin 

unshaken 


THE  N  HOOK  IN   THE  MIDDLE   OF  WORDS. 


strange 

training 

opening 

vacancy 

plunge 

planning 

beneath 

emergency 

earning 

plenty 

shining 

tremendous 

gainsay 

assigning 

vanish 

unanimity 

evening 

dawning 

turning 

remaining 

punish 

banish 

frowning 

genuineness 

manifest 

branches 

furnish 

declining 

learning 

abandon 

morning 

merchandise 

warning 

finances 

canvassed 

mechanics 

union 

unite 

gaining 

impertinence 

fancy 

arrange 

urgency 

examining 

drainage 

guarantee 

monopoly 

retrench 

reckoning 

obtaining 

occupancy 

strenuous 

gleaning 

penman 

discrepancy 

detaining 

brandy 

oranges 

economical 

ascertaining 

greenings 

Monday 

universal 

obstinately 

running 

evening 

patronage 

leniency 

Words  which  should  be  written  with  the  F,  V,  or  N  stem, 
because  it  is  followed  by  a  vowel : 


defy 

puffy 

bevy 

typify 

terrify 
purify 
deify 
exemplify 


avenue 

coney 

tiny 

pony 

ebony 

canoe 

brawny 

revenue 


bony 

honey 

stony 

deny 

renew 

felony 

crony 

Tammany 


irony 

rainy 

mutiny 

alimony 

assignee 

venue 

arena 

villainy 


26 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


Syllables  shun  or  zhun  may  be  added  by  a  large  final  hook 
on  the  circle  or  /  hook  side  of  straight  stems,  and  a  large  final 
hook  on  curved  stems. 


portion 

violation 

erection 

suspicion 

supervision 

precaution 

aversion 

reaction 

stagnation 

solution 

elevation 

provision 

seclusion 

election 

allegation 

sanction 

petition 

variation 

situation 

adoption 

devotion 

duration 

occupation 

ambition 

oppression 

instruction 

exertion 

section 

definition 

supplication 

nation 

appreciation 

calculations 

omission 

solicitation 

restriction 

attention 

destination 

circulation 

suspension 

perfection 

prosecution 

foundation 

prostration 

discretion 

deliberation 

desperation 

incorporation 

mention 

remission 

distribution 

expression 

quotation 

declaration 

operation 

speculation 

litigation 

dissolution 

impression 

elimination 

exertion 

reduction 

classification 

execution 

proportion 

negotiation 

selection 

humiliation 

liquidation 

restoration 

repetition 

reflection 

assertion 

destruction 

extrication 

regulation 

observation 

specification 

desertion 

institution 

fluctuation 

destination 

importation 

discrimination 

corporation 

expiration 

injunction 

location 

presentation 

reputation 

attraction 

examination 

accumulation 

rejection 

inclination 

nomination 

obligation 

determination 

imagination 

SUPPLEMENTARY  LESSONS.                                         27 

Shun  Curl. — To  a  word  having  a  final  circle,  the  shun  or  zhun 
may  be  added  by  crossing  the  stem  with  a  little  curl. 

causation  proposition 

opposition  imposition 

acquisition  indecision 

succession  exposition 

disposition  incision 

procession  taxation 

association  vexation 

realization  deposition 

accusation  transposition 

pulsation  indisposition 


Syllables  ter,  ther,  dhr,  may  be  added  to  any  straight  stem 
by  a  large  final  hook  on  the  left  or  n  hook  side. 

Caution. — This  hook  is  never  used  for  der  on  straight  stems. 

better  creator  charter 

actor  clatter  credit'  >r 

pewter  starter  executor 

tutor  spatter  corporator 

gutter  greater  speculator 

brighter  brother  typewriter 

rather  traitor  proprietor 


This  hook  may  be  used  for  ture,  and  the  diphthong  placed 
inside  the  hook. 


picture  creature  departure 

culture  rupture  fracture 

A  small  circle  may  be  added  to  any  final  hook  or  shun  curl. 

cuffs  roofs  dives  thence 

gloves  coves  grieves  assigns 

roves  chafes  hence  lines 


omissions 
portions 
editions 

petitions 
positions 
chatters 

gathers 
daughters 
tatters 

patience 
occupations 

creatures 
caters 

barters 
charters 

28  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


earns 

yawns 

once 

arraigns 

orations 


When  s  follows  n  hook,  the  circle  may  be  turned  on  n  hook 
side  of  the  stem,  as  in  the  sper  series.  The  large  circle  and  loops 
may  also  be  used  in  this  manner. 

rains  chains  balance  guidance 

beans  tunes  obtains  dispense 

opens  joins  expense  assistance 

pains  towns  response  expenses 

duns  gains  residence  acceptance 

tons  canister  pertains  negligence 

scorns  banister  elegance  existence 


8  ON  N  SIDE  IN  MIDDLE  OF  WORDS. 

dancing  prancing  expensive 

balancing  transfuse  transfix 


LARGE  FINAL  HOOKS  IN  THE  MIDDLE  OF  WORDS. 

stationary  gathering 

exceptional  capturing 

motioning  bothering 

traditional  bitterness 

missionary  scattering 

auctioneer  caterer 

cautionary  battering 

fractional  sputterer 

deficiency  rhetoric 


LESSON  XL 


Ter,  der,  thr,  dhr,  is  added  to  a  curved  stem  by  doubling  its 
length. 

Positions  for  downward  double-length  stems  : 

1st.  On  the  line. 

3d.  Halfway  through  the  line. 

3d.  Two-thirds  below  the  line. 

A  straight  stem  may  be  lengthened  to  add  above  sounds,  if  it 
has  a  final  hook. 

The  ter,  der,  thr,  dhr,  is  the  last  sound  to  be  read,  unless  there 
be  a  final  circle. 


enter 

interview 

materially 

shudder 

fatherly 

elevators 

wider 

altering 

intercourse 

future 

interfere 

astronomy 

lighter 

laughter 

furtherance 

ardor 

interval 

signature 

sounder 

underlay 

janitor 

holders 

undergo 

interruption 

lenders 

maturity 

underselling 

falter 

intersection 

defaulter 

interests 

literally 

prematurely 

underpay 

austerity 

international 

STRAIGHT  STEMS  WITH  FINAL  HOOKS  LENGTHENED. 


splinters  plundering  rendering 

pondering  counteraction  blunderer 

pointers  counterpane  tenderness 


LESSONS  XII.  AND  XIII. 


Writing  any  consonant  half-length  adds  t  or  d. 

The  third  position  of  a  half-length  perpendicular  or  inclined 
stem  is  entirely  below  the  line.  The  other  positions  are  unchanged. 

The  t  or  d  is  the  last  sound  to  be  read,  unless  there  be  a  final 
circle. 


ONE  STEM  HALF-LENGTH. 


get                               tried 
taught                         hand 
bought                         find 
cheat                           fault 

goods                           bounds 

• 

brand 
draft 
amount 
seconds 
secured 

LAST  STEM 

HALF-LENGTH. 

prompt 

apparent 

measured 

repaired 

strict 

upwards 

per  cent 

temperate 

enabled 

resort 

excellent 

repugnant 

market 

merchants 

perfect 

duplicate 

absent 

incurred 

disappoint 

product 

agent 

refund 

president 

discounts 

instant 

hesitate 

remind 

shipments 

delight 

appreciate 

accident 

assistant 

result 

retained 

settlements 

documents 

except 

deferred 

desperate 

henceforward 

present 

tenant 

judgment 

extricate 

imports 

deprived 

illustrate 

equivalent 

demands 

expend 

bereavement 

improvement 

thousand 

recent 

afterward 

disinclined 

remind 

warrant 

stipulate 

environment    ' 

exclude 

payments 

deponent 

remunerate 

extend 

statements 

recuperate 

assessments 

expect 

current 

engaged 

reimbursement 

retired 

remit 

district 

indorsement 

SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS. 


FIRST  STEM  HALF-LENGTH. 


getting 

October 

estimation 

anticipation 

little 

greatly 

naturally 

intentional 

lately 

gradually 

articles 

tendency 

letting 

relative 

country 

metropolis 

actually 

ordinary 

kindly 

indulgence 

mutually 

pointing 

modern 

maintaining 

modify 

central 

printing 

countenance 

witness 

counting 

intentions 

threatening 

actively 

pending 

maintain 

accordance 

evidence 

handle 

friendly 

quantity 

catalogue 

gratifies 

suspending 

spiritual 

grandly 

standing 

lunatic 

assorting 

BOTH   STEMS  HALF-LENGTH. 


notified 

meditate 

moderate 

intimate 

esteemed 

astound 

ratified 

eradicate 


lightened 

modified 

estimates 

treatment 

credited 

threatened 

candidate 

intend 


indebted 

participate 

anticipate 

protested 

assortment 

multiplied 

intestate 

standard 


MIDDLE  STEM  HALF-LENGTH. 


entitle 

pocketing 

remodeling 

coveting 

vividly 

enacting 

rapidly 

promptly 

inviting 

resorting 

rectify 

erecting 

rejecting 


capital 

obliterate 

delighting 

legitimate 

evidently 

responding 

politely 

regarding 

acceptable 

apparently 

dependence 

defending 

negotiating 


defective 

accumulating 

obviating 

piloting 

alternative 

uncertain 

indebtedness 

individual 

instantaneous 

indefinitely 

correspondence 

speculative 

inventory 


32  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

misfortunes  lucrative  agricultural 

mercantile  Atlantic  agriculturist 

remittances  political  disappointment 

remunerative  profoundly  fraudulently 

perfectly  inevitable  misunderstanding 

Caution. — When  full  and  half  length  stems  do  not  form  an 
angle  at  their  junction,  both  stems  must  be  written  in  full. 

liked  locked  barbed 

cooked  kicked  category 

clicked  forked  catechise 

corked  victim  victory 

looked  octagon  inculcate 

All  words  ending  in  ted  or  ded  must  be  written  with  the  half- 
length  T  or  D. 

acted  handed  pointed 

cheated  attended  assorted 

guided  elected  terminated 

fitted  branded  depreciated 

voted  merited  expended 

noted  deluded  reported 

lighted  delighted  departed 

rated  intended  intrusted 

pleaded  indicated  assaulted 

lifted  moderated  asserted 

located  detected  separated 

rented  estimated  ungranted 

repeated  corrected  prevented 

adapted  printed  superseded 

defrauded  emitted  succeeded 

Half-length  T  or  D  may  be  detached  and  written  near  the  pre- 
ceding stem,  if,  when  joined,  it  does  not  form  an  angle, 
dotted  awarded  worded 

dreaded  entreated  persuaded 

undoubted  destitute  retreated 

institute  necessitated  liquidated 

doted  substituted  hesitated 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  33 

Final  T  and  D,  like  the  S  stem,  must  be  written  in  full  when 
followed  by  a  vowel. 

duty  shadow  ready 

pity  meadow  outdo 

beauty  shoddy  lady 

needy  haughty  deduce 

oddity  tidy  entice 

naughty  muddy  flighty 

empty  reduce  hardy 

veto  moody  verity 

mighty  ditto  penalty 

data  body  giddy 

L  or  Ree,  when  only  stem  in  the  word,  is  made  half-length  to 
add  t,  and  full  length  with  the  D  stem  to  add  <L 


light — lied 
rot — rod 
writ — read 
lot— lad 
rate — raid 
rut — red 
lute — lead 
root — rude 
route — rid 


late — laid 
let — load 
lout — loud 
lute — lid 
wrote — rowed 
lit — allude 
slight — slide 
slate— sled 
slit — sealed 


When  T  or  D  is  preceded  by  two  vowels,  the  full  stem  must 
be  used. 

poet  diet  quiet 

riot  laity  fiat 

reiterate 

When  the  present  tense  of  a  verb  is  written  with  a  double 
length  stem,  it  is  sometimes  better  to  form  the  past  tense  by 
adding  a  T  or  D  stem  than  to  make  both  stems  half-length.  The 
original  outline  of  the  word  should  always  be  preserved  as  nearly 
as  possible. 

squander- ed  hinder-ed 

render-ed  surrender-ed 

wonder-ed  plunder-ed 

blunder-ed  slander-ed 

flounder- ed  shelter-ed 


LESSON   XIV. 


The  consonant  h  may  sometimes  be  omitted,  and  indicated 
by  a  small  dot  placed  before  the  vowel. 


hoop  heavy  unhitch 

hopes  hoof  unhinge 

hopeless  happen  hopped 

heave  behoof  having 

hip  heaped  handkerchief 

hobby  hived  habituate 

unhappy  help  happens 


H  sounded  before  consonant  w  may  be  indicated  by  prefix- 
ing an  upright  tick  to  the  W  stem. 


whist  whipped  whaler 

whisk  whine  whittle 

while  whitecap  whitewash 


W  AND   F  BRIEF  SIGNS. 


W  brief  is  a  small  semicircle  opening  to  the  right  or  left ; 
and  Y  brief,  opening  upward  or  downward. 


wipe 

wives 

watchman 

euphony 

wood 

without 

wishing 

Europe 

weighty 

waving 

yoke 

eulogy 

weave 

winked 

yelp 

utensil 

SUPPLEMENTARY    LE8SONS. 


35 


Final  syllables  ly  and  ry  may  be  written  with  the  I  and  r 
hooks  when  there  is  no  distinct  vowel  between  the  stem  and 
hook. 


LY 


nominally 

thickly 

clearly 

finally 

exceedingly 

necessarily 

mainly 

annoying]  y 

radically 

legally 

certainly 

melancholy 

firmly  • 

officially 

sincerely 

rashly 

cheerfully 

overwhelmingly 

initially 

partially 

positively 

busily 

playfully 

charmingly 

calmly 

cozily 

grudgingly 

lively 

wrongly 

faithfully 

deeply 

suddenly 

personally 

cheaply 

likely 

thoroughly 

namely 

squarely 

unusually 

RY 

robbery 

mockery 

slippery 

crockery 

bakery 

seminary 

treasury 

bribery 

surgery 

Sometimes  the  last  stem  in  a  word 

may  be  made  half-length 

to  add  ty. 

integrity 

inability 

credibility 

majority 

possibility 

liability 

legality 

quality 

acceptability 

suitability 

respectability 

mutability 

LESSON   XV. 

SENTENCES  WITH  WORD  SIGNS. 

"  All  would  live  long,  but  none  would  be  old." — B.  Franklin. 

"  All  men  have  their  price." — Walpole. 

"  He  was  not  for  an  age,  but  for  all  time." — B.  Jonson,  of 
Shakespeare. 

"  There  never  was  a  night  that  had  no  morn." — D.  M. 
Mulock. 

"  I  have  sent  for  you,  that  you  may  see  how  a  Christian  can 
die." — Addison. 

"  I  have  begun  several  times  many  tilings,  and  have  often 
succeeded  at  last.  I  will  sit  down  now,  but  the  time  will  come 
when  you  will  hear  me."— Disraeli. 

"  They  have  been  at  a  great  feast  of  languages,  and  stolen  the 
scraps." — Love's  Labor  Lost. 

"  Never  spend  your  money  before  you  have  it.  Never  buy 
what  you  do  not  want  because  it  is  cheap.  When  angry,  count 
ten  before  you  speak  ;  if  very  angry,  count  a  hundred." — Jeffer- 
son's Ten  Rules. 

"  These  are  the  times  that  try  men?s  souls."—!1.  Paine. 

'•  We  have  met  the  enemy,  and  they  are  ours." — Com.  Perry. 

"  I  know  not  what  course  others  may  take  ;  but  as  for  me, 
give  me  liberty,  or  give  me  death." — Patrick  Henry. 

' '  What  would  you  do  if  you  were  in  our  place  ?  " — Gen.  Lee. 
"  Desire  not  to  live  long,  but  to  live  well : 
How  long  we  live,  not  years,  hut  actions  tell." 

— Shakespeare. 

"  Every  age,  race,  and  condition  has  been  marked  by  the  hope 
of  an  existence  reaching  beyond  this  life  into  another  and  better 
one." 

"  The  Egyptians  practiced  embalming  because  of  their  belief 
that  the  body  would  be  resurrected  entire,  as  at  death." 

"  There  are  nearly  three  thousand  languages  in  the  world,  but 
many  of  them  so  similar  that  they  may  be  considered  as  dialects 
of  the  same  language." 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  37 

"  The  friends  who  in  our  sunshine  live, 

When  winter  comes  are  flown  ; 
And  he  who  has  but  tears  to  give 
Must  weep  those  tears  alone." 

— Thomas  Moore. 

"  No  man  e'er  felt  the  halter  draw,  with  good  opinion  of  the 
law." — John  Trumbull. 

"  An  honest  man's  the  noblest  work  of  God." — Pope. 

"  There  are  many  people  who  think  that  Sunday  is  a  sponge 
to  wipe  out  all  the  sins  of  the  week." — H.  W.  Beecher. 

"  The  Almighty  Dollar,  that  great  object  of  universal  devo- 
tion."— W.  Irving. 

"  The  half  was  not  told  me."  "  As  far  as  the  east  is  from 
the  west."  "  Let  another  man  praise  thee,  and  not  thine  own 
mouth."  "  Answer  not  a  fool  according  to  his  folly."  "  There 
is  no  new  thing  under  the  sun." — Bible. 

"  First  in  war,  first  in  peace,  first  in  the  hearts  of  his  fellow- 
citizens." — Gen.  Lee,  of  Washington. 

"  Distinct  as  the  billows,  yet  one  as  the  ocean."— Daniel 
Webster. 

"  There  is  no  why  without  a  because."  "  The  •world  exists 
for  the  education  of  each  man.  There  is  no  age  or  state  of  society, 
or  mode  of  action  in  history,  to  which  there  is  not  somewhat  cor- 
responding in  his  life." — Emerson. 

"To  be  pleasant,  one  must  please.  What  pleases  you  in 
others,  will  in  general  please  them  in  you."  "  Every  man  seeks 
for  the  truth  :  God  only  knows  who  has  found  it." — Lord  Chester- 
field. 

"  Come  wealth  or  want,  come  good  or  ill, 

Let  young  and  old  accept  their  part, 
And  bow  before  the  awful  will, 

And  bear  it  with  an  honest  heart. 
Who  misses,  or  who  wins  the  prize, — 

Go,  lose  or  conquer  as  you  can  ; 
But  if  you  fail,  or  if  you  rise, 
Be  each,  pray  God,  a  gentleman." 

— Thackeray. 


449544 


LESSON   XVI. 

CONTRACTIONS. 

Prefixes  are  indicated  as  follows  : 

Com,  eon,  cum,  cog,  may  be  omitted,  and  shown  by  placing 
the  remainder  of  the  word  in  proximity  to  the  preceding  word  or 
syllable. 

If  impossible  to  denote  by  proximity,  a  dot  may  be  written 
before  and  at  the  end  of  the  following  stem  in  place  of  either  of 
these  syllables. 

COM. 


complain 

commission 

compilation 

commonest 

community 

commercial 

composing 

compromise 

communicating 

completion 

compete 

compliance 

commend 

completed 

recommit 

competency 

compatible 

incompetent 

comparatively 

comprise 

unaccompanied 

competent 

complimentary 

uncompromisin  g 

complicate 

comprehend 

discommode 

combination 

commencement 

incomplete 

compose 

compensation 

accommodations 

compare 

compression 

recompense 

commences 

commendable 

incomprehensible 

compliment  •» 

complexion 

accomplish 

complying 

complaint 

accommodate 

compels 

complete 

recommends 

commander 

communication 

incomp  rehensive 

commence 

competitors 

discomposure 

CON. 

consent 

conversation 

confirm 

confer 

contrives 

confining 

connection 

concur 

confronted 

contain 

contents 

conclusively 

concession 

consideration 

'conference 

consist 

conducted 

contribute 

contends 

control 

confidently 

conclusions 

contrary 

concurrence 

SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


39 


continue 

commodity 

construction 

consciousness 

consignment 

congratulation 

concerning 

convenience 

conscientious "" 

considerable 

contingency 

confidential 

consjstency 

cumbrous 
cumbrously 
comfort 
compass 


consignees 

continuing 

consequently 

constituents 

concentrated 

unconcern 

incongruity 

reconsider 

uncontroverted 

unconditional 

inconsiderate 

reconstruct 

uncontrolled 

CUM 

cumbrance 
circumspect 
discomfort 
encompassed 


unreconciled 

disconnect 

unconfined 

unconscious 

inconstant 

inconsistent 

reconcile 

discontinue 

discontent 

disconcert 

inconvenience 

inconsolable 

inconsequent 

recumbent 
circumspection 
discomfiture 
company 


PROXIMITY    PHRASES. 


under  control 
you  consider 
very  comfortable 
liberal  contribution 
well  connected 
we  concede 
great  conflict 
large  congregation 
they  console 
in  consequence 
authors  contribute 
their  confidence 
now  complaining 
your  consent 
in  connection 
our  company 
must  contrive 
please  consult 
in  compliance 
will  confer 


no  comparison 
excellent  composition 
perfect  control 
nearly  completed 
always  contending 
naturally  contain 
recent  conference 
people  congregate 
simple  construction 
deliberate  consideration 
personally  conducted 
earliest  convenience 
direct  communication 
beautiful  combination 
close  confinement 
full  confession 
please  consult 

these  complicated  conditions 
they     command     complete 
confidence 


40  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Common  sense  is  called  common  by  common  consent,  but 
it  is  the  scarcest  commodity  in  the  market. 

For  is  indicated  by  the  F  stem  joined  to  the  remainder  of  the 
word.  The  accented  vowel  governs  position. 

forsake  fortune  foresee 

former  fortunate  foresight 

forsaken  fortify  forehead 

forsooth  forego  foremost 

forgive  forethought  foreknown 

forgot  forefather  foreground 

forebode  foretaste  forewarn 

foretell  foregone  foreclosure 
forejudge 

Magna,  Magne,  Magni. — By  M  stem  written  partly  over  the 
remainder  of  the  word. 

magnanimously  magnific 

magnificence  magnetism 

Self. — By  a  small  circle  on  the  line,  and  joined  to  following 
stem  if  it  be  a  down  stroke  without  circle  or  hook ;  otherwise, 
the  following  stem  is  written  close  to  the  self  circle. 

When  con  follows  self,  the  dot  must  also  be  used. 


self-abasement 
self-assumed 
self-deceived 
self-determined 
self-destruction 

self-dependence 
self-protection 
self-approving 
self  -pleasing 
self-important 

self-convicted 
self-conceit 
self-condemn 
self-conscious 
self-corn  pla  cent 

With,  by  the  word  sign  dhr  joined  to  the  remainder  of  the 
word,  the  accented  vowel  governing  position. 

withstand  within 

withstood  withal 

withheld  withdrawn 

withhold  withdrawal 


LESSON   XVII. 


Suffixes  are  indicated  as  follows  : 

Ble,  Ely. — By  B  stem  joined  when  hook  is  not  easily  shown. 

profitable  lamentable 

unattainable  unfashionable 

insensibly  defensible 

admissible  unpardonable 

unaccuntable  unwarrantable 

incontestable  reprehensible 

Bleness,    Fulness,    Iveness,    Lessness.—'By  Bs,   Fs,  Vs,    Ls, 
disjoined. 


BLENESS. 

variableness 

profitableness 

acceptableness 

FULNESS. 

thoughtfulness 
wastefulness 
hatefulness 
fretful  ness 
frightfulness 

deceitfulness 
gracefulness 
cheerfulness 
doubtfulness 
dolefulness 

faithfulness 
hopefulness 
fruitfulness 
wakeful  ness 
gratefulness 

IVENESS 

secretiveness  exclusiveness 

rnassiveness  pursuasiveness 

LESSNESS. 

guiltlessness  recklessness 

needlessness  endlessness 

matchlessness          shamelessness 

Ever. — By  the  v  hook,  which  may  be  added  to  curved  stems. 

however  whichever  whoever 

whenever  whatever  wherever 


42  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Form. — By  the  F  stem  joined. 

deform  uniform 

platform  informing 

Ing. — After  half-length  P  or  B,  or  when  NG  stem  cannot  be 

used,  by  a  dot  written  at  the  end  of  the  preceding  part  of  the 
word. 

Ings. — By  a  small  circle  written  in  the  same  manner, 

putting  braiding  anticipating 

beating  brooding  combating 

biting  debating  nesting 

petting  adopting  resting 

abetting  adapting  investing 

spotting  outbidding  coasting 

spouting  debiting  festering 

plating  reporting  'biddings 

blotting  purporting  pleadings 

bleeding  participating  buildings 

Mental  or  Mentality. — By  Mnt  disjoined. 

ornamental  detrimental 

Ology. — By  J  stem  joined  or  disjoined  and  written  partly 
under. 

meteorology  chronology 

etymology  doxology 

tautology  entomology 

mineralogy  ichthyology 

Self.— By  small  circle  joined. 

Selves.— By  large  circle  joined. 

yourself  herself  ourselves 

himself  myself  themselves 

itself  thyself  yourselves 

Ship. — By  the  SH  stew,  joined  or  disjoined. 

worship  heirship  wardship 

stewardship  guardianship  companionship 

scholarship  copartnership  apprenticeship 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  43 

Soeve  r. — By  s V  joined. 

whensoever  whatsoever 

wheresoever  whichsoever 

Worthy. — By  the  DH  joined  or  disjoined. 
untrustworthy  unworthy  praiseworthy 

CONSONANTS  OMITTED. 
The  t  sound  after  s  circle  in  the  middle  of  words. 

lastly  dustpan  postponing 

lasting  frosting  postpaid 

restless  postmaster  boastful 

testimonials  investigation  textbook 

customers  domestics  mistaken 

interesting  investments  requesting 

testament  tastefully  custom  hoxise 

N  before  Jr  in  the  middle  of  words, 

manager  lounger  plunger 

ginger  messenger  ranger 

passenger  in  f  ringer  harbinger 

K  omitted. 

direction  respect 

prospects  respective 

directly  respectful 

practical  extravaganca 

Final  syllables,  mtial,  tftially. 

confidential-ly  prudential-ly 

flnancial-ly  providential-ly 

credential 

.ZVhook  sometimes  omitted  in  the  middle  of  words, 
atonement  transaction  transmission 

attainment  transacting  translation 

transfer  transmit  translucent 

transact  transmutation  transportation 


LESSON   XVIII. 

PHRASES. 

Those  formed  by  joining  simple  outlines  or  word  signs,  the 
first  word  to  stand  in  its  proper  position. 

In  the  middle  or  at  the  end  of  a  phrase,  time  should  be  writ- 
ten with  the  T  stem,  and  that  should  be  made  half-length. 


may  be 
he  was 

great  while 
for  such 

any  one 
at  hand 

for  that 

does  so 

there  was 

will  be 

in  answer 

bill  lading 

it  may 
shall  be 

by  this 
on  this 

in  relation 
in  accordance 

should  you 
for  which 
they  were 
so  many 
if  such 

this  day 
this  time 
in  this 
at  this 
must  be 

very  sorry 
very  glad 
bills  payable 
bills  receivable 
some  mistake 

if  he 
that  may 
on  them 
so  much 

no  use 
he  must 
at  present 
was  taken 

having  been 
must  have 
price  list 
with  reference 

could  do 
for  him 
with  me 

young  man 
every  side 
dear  sir 

any  person 
in  evidence 
which  one 

that  they 
can  be 
with  him 

dear  friend 
there  were 
we  feel 

any  more 
one  thing 
very  much 

for  any 
after  each 
for  me 
under  these 

short  time 
only  one 
over  charge 
over  which 

be  sure 
no  one 
no  more 
should  not  be 

no  doubt 
on  that 

sight  draft 
not  been 

it  may  be 
by  which  means 

so  that 
by  which 
after  all 
that  many 
any  time 

with  regard 
assure  you 
in  regard 
in  reply 
in  receipt 

after  many  years 
many  years  ago 
to-morrow  morning 
when  he  was 
for  my  own 

SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  45 

in  any  way  stock  on  hand  how  many  times 

after  several  years      that  will  be  about  that  time 

that  they  will  after  that  time  upon  this  point 

on  these  points  for  my  sake  my  dear  friend 

which  must  be  for  some  reason  my  dear  madam 

we  assure  you  may  be  written  yours  respectfully 

for  many  years  after  he  was  sincerely  yours 

in  your  city  after  he  came  very  sincerely  yours 

so  many  years  while  he  was  yours  in  haste 

that  he  was  in  this  respect  yours  very  truly 

so  much  so  that  was  said  that  he  has  done 

on  my  part  look  at  this  just  about  this  time 

cash  on  hand  in  no  wise  that  they  may  be 

Words  should  never  be  joined  when  there  is  a  pause  of  any 
kind  between  them. 

CIRCLES  IN  PHRASES. 

The  small  circle  for  as,  has,  is,  his,  may  be  joined  to  any 

stem  or  word  sign,  both  initially  and  finally. 

It  may  be  also  used  for  us  finally,  but  should  never  be  joined 

to  a  verb. 

The  first  stem  word  of  the  phrase  must  stand  in  the  proper 

position. 

as  you  has  part  thank  his 

is  in  has  our  come  as 

by  his  change  his  as  have 

how  is  with  his  over  us 

where  is  as  are  worth  his 

as  much  has  no  as  they 

beyond  his  has  all  with  his 

as  may  when  is  there  is 

from  his  as  at  as  shall 

so  as  why  is  as  will 

should  his  as  another  should  his 

that  is  did  his  as  this 

t    do  as  charge  us  f              as  fast 

by  us  can  his  such  as 

has  her  has  any  if  he  has 

it  is  as  could  has  not  been 


46  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

as  you  may  as  good  as  it  is  not 

as  we  can  as  she  has  there  is  no 

as  we  will  7as  many  as  hut  has  been 

as  could  be  there  is  not  bo  has  not  been 

as  we  tbink  it  is  necessary  it  has  been  done 

as  bad  as  there  has  been  as  you  may  be 

as  young  as  for  such  as  as  far  as  may  be 

Doubling  the  size  of  the  circle  adds  another  circle  word.  The 
first  word  in  the  double  circle  governs  position. 

as  has  has  as  as  his  is  his 

has  his  as  is  is  as  his  is 

A  circle  word  may  be  united  to  a  word  beginning  or  ending 
with  a  circle  by  doubling  the  size  of  the  circle. 

this  is  this  has  been  as  long  as  his 

knows  his  he  has  said  tliat  this  has  been 

miss  his  as  this  is  as  soon  as  possible 

because  his  it  is  his  as  soon  as  this  is 

because  his  is  this  city  as  much  as  has  been 

To,  it,  the,  may  be  added  to  a  circle  by  changing  it  to  a  small 
loop.  When  joined  to  a  stem,  the  stem  must  govern  position  ; 
but  when  loop  stands  alone,  the  circle  word  governs.  If  more 
convenient,  loop  can  be  made  first  and  stem  added. 


has  to 

because  the 

it  is  the 

is  it  necessary 

is  it 

because  it 

as  to  what 

as  it  has  to  be 

is,  the 

as  it  was 

has  to  be 

as  much  as  it 

is  to 

as  to  these 

as  to  this 

has  it  not  il) 

has  the 

has  it  been 

as  it  ought 

is  it  not  (,3) 

There,  their,  they  are,  added  by  changing  circle  to  large  loop. 

as  they  are  when  is  there 

because  there  is  there  any  use 

unless  there  is  there  any  one 

since  there  has  there  not  been 

has  there  been  has  there  not  (1) 

has  there  never  is  there  not  \3) 

Placing  a  circle  inside  large  or  small  loop,  adds  another  circle 
word  to  the  phrase. 

as  to  his  as  there  is 

is  to  his  as  there  has 

is  it  his  as  they  are  his 

as  it  has  as  there  has  not  (1) 

as  it  is  as  there  is  not  (3) 


LESSON   XIX. 

PHRASES  WITH  HOOKS. 
All,  will,  added  by  the  Z  hook. 

in  all  in  all  this 

she  will  in  all  respects 

we  will  she  will  be 

all  will  we  will  be 

at  all  we  will  believe 

where  all  we  will  receive 

when  will  it  will  be 

that  all  in  all  my 

or  all  what  will  you 

Are,  our,  or,  added  by  the  r  hook. 

in  our  in  our  times 

from  our  on  our  part 

you  are  for  our  sake 

where  are  at  our  suggestion 

that  are  in  our  respect 

these  are  on  or  about 

on  or  before  in  our  letter 

We  to  straight  stems  by  the  w  hook. 

did  we  can  we  believe 

can  we  find  can  we  claim 

which  we  believe  had  we  been 

what  we  say  could  we  believe 

You,  your,  to  straight  stems  by  the  y  hook, 

do  you  believe  how  do  you 

which  you  say  at  your  place 

what  you  recollect  can  you  inform  me 

had  you  been  what  did  you  say 

did  you  receive  what  do  you  mean 

In. — By  the  in  curl. 

in  some  other  in  some  manner 

in  some  way  in  some  cases 

in  some  degree  in  some  regards 

in  some  places  in  some  respects 


48  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Have,  of,  added  by  the  /  hook. 


think  of 
half  of 
will,  have 
each  of 
what  have 
you  have 
are  of 
but  have 
know  of 

did  have 
may  have 
should  liave 
city  of 
state  of 
number  of 
receipt  of 
subject  of 
speak  of 

side  of 
inside  of 
much  of 
copy  of 
both  of 
lack  of 
outside  of 
which  you  have 
that  you  have 

that  they  have 
did  you  have 
what  you  have 
each  of  these 
what  have  they 
which  of  them 
out  of  business 
out  of  town 
as  long  as  they  have 


And,  an,  oivn,  been,  than,  added  by  n  hook. 


for  an 
had  been 
with  an 
my  own 

such  an 
easier  than 
longer  than 
larger  than 

having  been 
their  own 
stronger  than 
had  we  been 

has  your  own 
any  more  than 
from  our  own 
between  you  and 

our  own        slower  than      up  and  down        there  must  have  been 

There,  their,  they  are,  other,  added  by  the  ter  hook  or  length- 
ening. 


ought  there 
where  there 
what  other 
could  there 
which  other 
be  there 
did  there 
call  their 
but  they  are 
should  there 
these  other 
every  other 
•with  other 
where  they  are 
which  they  are 
at  their 
between  their 


making  their 
writing  their 
winning  their 
earning  their 
remain  there 
came  there 
each  of  their 
can  there  be 
here  and  there 
every  other  day 
among  other  things 
in  other  words 
any  other  time 
the  other  day 
would  have  their 
should  have  their 
at  other  times 


in  any  other 
by  all  their 
at  all  other 
although  they  are 
some  other  cases 
some  other  respects 
out  of  their 
may  have  their 
care  of  their 
state  of  their 
in  other  words 
with  the  other 
although  there  is 
that  there  has  been 
had  you  been  there 
any  part  of  their 
did  you  go  there 


SUPPLEMENTARY  LESSONS.  49 

The,  it,  had,  to,  added  by  halving. 

in  the  wish  to  if  it  is 

for  the  able  to  but  it  is 

between  the  unable  to  though  it  is 

before  the  they  had  why  it  is 

upon  the  have  had  that  it  is 

through  the  she  had  out  of  the 

may  the  it  had  state  of  the 

coull  the  part  of  the  outside  of  the 

buy  it  day  of  the  on  the  subject  of 

when  it  which  of  the  may  not  have  been 

beyond  it  charge  of  the  it  may  not  be 

was  it  much  of  the  for  the  sake  of  the 

near  it  ought  to  be  at  the  present  time 

charge  it  ,'  above  the  on  the  part  of  the 

mean  to  make  the  at  the  same  prices 

began  to  if  he  had  during  the  latter  part  of  the 

After. — By /hook  and  lengthening. 

day  after  to-morrow  week  after  next 

day  after  day  week  after  week 

Another. — By  n  hook  and  lengthening. 

if  another  such  another 

though  another  should  another 

shall  another  in  another  way 

why  another  at  another  date 

Its. — By  halving  and  s  circle. 

with  its  tli rough  its 

should  its  shall  its 

had  its  by  its 

Not. — By  n  hook  and  halving. 

cannot  shall  not  they  are  not 

could  not  if  not  you  are  not 

was  not  should  not  would  not  be 

have  not  will  not  it  will  not  be 

had  not  would  not  it  could  not  be 


50 


SUPPLEMENTARY   LESSONS. 


A  small  hook  may  be  turned  inside  of  a  large  one. 


had  there  been 
but  their  own 
any  better  than 
greater  than 
they  have  been 
may  have  been 
that  have  been 
much  better  than 
you  have  been 


rather  than 

at  their  own 

by  their  own 

as  you  have  been 

as  we  have  been 

at  all  their  own 

it  may  have  been 

that  you  have  been 

should  never  have  been 


Was,  one,  may  be  written  with  w  hook,  n  hook  and  s  circle. 

what  one  at  one 

which  one  at  once 

each  one  it  was 

had  one  what  was 


SPECIAL  SIGNS  AND  PHRASES. 


lA-P 


.at  length 


.  at  all  events 


at  one  time 


.at  the  same  time 


.at  any  rate 


heretofore 


.in  the  mean  time 


"ad  therefore 


X^v3. . .  .he  is  therefore 

^y.-  •" 


that  therefore 


more  or  less 


.some  time 


.1/1. 


.day  or  two 


k 


.said  or  done 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  51 

•  ...3. 


.faster  than 


/. less  than 


.  N— P for  instance 

I 
at  last 


.at  least 


^ 


on  the  other  hand 


just  as  good  as 


meanwhile 


.State  of  New  York 


in  the  city  of  New 
York 


typewriter 


Sunday 


•¥ 

a. 


.  Monday 
.Tuesday 
.  Wednesday 
Thursday 
.Friday 
.Saturday 
one 


. . ,  .•d-./'t .  .one  or  two 


or  more 


.two  or  three 


.1. ./. two  or  more 


52 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


.?r?.....  cents 


.hundreds 


\QJ> 


.thousands 


.millions 


...,:ftv.  ...percent 

\/l 
...y..J....prorata 


,et  cetera 


.  . Vag__._o  • 


. .  .real  estate 
first  class 
.in  order 
.and  so  forth 
.January 
.February 


.March 
.  April 
.May 


.October 


.  November 


.cU 


.  December 


....—-/. Oh,  yes 

.....  \~s. .  circular 


.a.:.- 


circulars 


LESSON   XX. 

TICKS. 

J  is  a  light  tick  struck  like  CH  or  Ree.  When  standing  alone, 
it  should  be  above  the  line.  When  joined  to  a  stem,  it  never 
goverus  position.  It  should  be  struck  upward  before  can  and 
could. 

I  takes  hooks  as  follows  : 


.Iwill,  with  the  tick  struck  upward. 


.  I  have,  with  the  tick  struck  downward. 


.1  will  not,  with  the  n  hook  added. 


PHRASES  WITH  /  TICKS. 


I  have 

I  hope 

Iwill 

I  believe 

I  have  not 

I  suppose 

I  will  not 

I  wish 

I  thank 

I  remember 

I  own 

I  fear 

I  was 

I  want 

I  propose 

I  take 

I  saw 

or  I 

I  show 

may  I 

I  come 

shall  I 

I  might 

when  I 

I  cannot 

if  I 

I  am  not 

that  I  have 

I  had  not 

that  I  am 

I  did  not 

if  I  may 

I  understood 

that  I  shall 

I  could  have 

that  I  was 

I  may  be 

may  I  not 

if  I  have  any 

if  I  may  not 

that  I  might 

that  I  shall  be 

I  am  sorry 

I  am  glad 

I  said  so 

I  have  never 

I  may  receive 

I  thought  that 

I  see  this  is 

I  may  as  well 

I  know  there  has  been 

I  would  have  been 

I  think  there  is 

I  think  you  have 

I  wish  there  was 

I  suppose  this  is 

I  have  nothing 


54  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

When  standing  alone,  an  or  and  is  indicated  by  a  dot  above 
the  line  ;  a,  by  dot  on  the  line  ;  the,  a  dot  below  the  line. 

A,  an,  and,  may  be  joined  to  any  word  by  a  little  tick  struck 
invariably  in  the  direction  of  P  when  used  initially ;  but,  in  the 
middle  or  at  the  end  of  a  phrase,  it  must  be  inclined  to  form  the 
best  angle. 

The  n  hook  should  always  be  used,  if  possible,  for  an  or  and. 

A,  AN,  AND  TICKS. 


a  home 

a  great 

round  an 

if  a  man 

an  age 

under  a 

with  a 

in  a  short  time 

a  law 

have  a 

upon  a 

in  a  few  days 

a  rule 

save  a 

above  a 

for  a  month 

and  will 

seen  a 

a  great  deal 

before  and  after 

and  those 

in  a 

a  great  many 

and  yet  there  has 

and  this 

stay  a 

more  than  a 

and  that  has  been 

The. — When  halving  or  changing  circle  to  small  loop  cannot 
be  used,  a  perpendicular  or  horizontal  tick  may  be  added  to  indi- 
cate the.  This  should  only  be  used  finally. 

THE  TICK. 

met  the  spend  the  ponder  the 

hit  the  whether  the  surrender  the 

need  the  enter  the  like  the 

hand  the  order  the  shoulder  the 

To,  too,  are  ind  cated  by  a  small  light  tick,  always  written 
below  the  line  in  the  direction  of  P.  It  is  used  initially  in  phras- 
ing, and  governs  position. 

to  me  to  hand  to  begin 

to  give  too  many  to  hate 

to  meet  to  hide  to  make 

to  him  to  mean 

Who,  Whom. — By  a  heavily  shaded  tick,  always  below  the 
line,  struck  in  the  direction  of  J.  This  tick  takes  hooks  like  the 
J  stem,  and  governs  position  of  phrases. 


who  are 
who  will 
who  have 
who  will  not" 
who  have  not 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

who  was 
who  could 
who  may 
who  give 
who  know 


55 


who  begin 
who  make 
who  minister 
who  was  not 
who  may  be 


Of, — By  a  light  tick  like  Ree,  written  above  the  line,  and 
struck  upward  when  alone,  but  up  or  down  when  joined. 

The  stem  of  is  found  to  conflict  seriously  with  have ;  therefore 
it  is  best  to  use  the  tick,  and  dispense  entirely  with  both  the  stem 
and  proximity  for  of. 


of  them 

of  our 

of  yours 
of  us 

of  all 
of  hers 

of  mine 

of  that 

of  many 
of  other 

of  this 
of  what 

of  it 
of  its 
of  such 
of  worth 
of  course  (1) 
spoken  of 


of  their 
of  no  use 
of  my  own 
of  your  city 
want  of  money 
point  of  view 


We,  would. — By  the  w  brief  sign. 
You,  your. — By  the  y  brief  sign. 


FOLLOWING  FORMS    SHOULD  BE    MEMORIZED. 


.we  have 


.we  will 


"(^- .  .you  have 
. .  .j^l.  .you  will 


.we  are 


.you  are 


..  .rsv.  .we  would 
,.7V ..  would  we 


../TT.  ..you  would 
.  JTT..  .  .would  you 


56 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


W  BRIEF    SIGNS. 


we  go 
we  could 
we  think 
we  are 
we  see 
we  fear 
we  beg 
we  found 
we  have 
we  know 
we  hope 
we  understand 
we  began 
we  remain 
we  inclose 
we  cannot 
we  regret 
we  wish 
we  request 
we  ought  to 
we  did  not 
we  had  not 
we  shall  be 
we  should  have 
we  are  sorry 
we  are  sure 
we  should  feel 
we  would  beg 
we  would  be 
we  could  be 
we  shall  have 
we  are  not 
we  have  yours 
we  could  not 
we  think  there  is 


we  should  have  been 

we  ought  to  be 

we  have  this  day 

would  say 

would  think 

would  do 

would  be 

would  not  be  N 

if  we 

should  we 

they  would 

that  we 

but  we 

who  would  (who  tick) 

who  would  be  <who  tick) 

who  would  not  \who  tick) 

shall  we  be 

shall  we  say 

if  we  take 

she  would  be 

it  would  be 

had  we  been 

that  would  be 

that  we  have 

if  you  would 

that  we  shall 

that  we  had 

when  we  shall 

which  we  might 

but  we  have 

whether  we  be 

which  we  now 

what  we  can 

it  would  have  been 

he  would  no  doubt 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

F  BRIEF  SIGNS. 


57 


you  know 
you  made 
you  cannot 
you  recollect 
you  find 
you  intend 
you  represent 
you  may 
you  must 
you  see 
you  may  not 
you  should  say 
you  could  do 
you  will  find 
you  will  have 
you  must  be 
you  will  not 
xyou  may  be 
you  may  have 
you  must  have 
you  will  have 
you  will  please 
you  will  use 
you  do  not  know 
you  say  you  will 
you  say  you  were 
you  say  you  made 
you  say  there  is 
you  know  there  has 


you  ought  to  be 
you  say  you  could 
your  name 
your  letter 
your  entire 
your  orders 
your  money 
from  you 
inform  you 
for  you 
with  you 
thank  you 
that  you 
in  your 
ask  you 
send  you 
pay  you 
informing  you 
which  you 
asking  you 
•when  you 
assuring  you 
on  your 
if  you 

think  you  will 
or  you  will 
by  your  line 
in  your  invoice 
in  your  favor 


in  your  power 
if  you  do 
on  your  part 
in  your  case 
that  you  might 
yet  you  make 
among  all  your 
in  all  your 
that  you  will 
what  you  can 
if  you  can 
that  you  can 
that  you  are 
when  you  go 
if  you  will 
that  you  may 
if  you  are 
if  you  cannot 
if  you  know 
if  you  were  there 
allow  you  on  your 
that  you  will  have 
so  that  you  may 
if  you  are  not 
that  you  may  be 
that  you  may  have 
so  that  you  make 
for  which  you  were 
do  you  mean  to  pay 


When  com  or  con  follows  7  or  of,  the  tick  may  take  the  place 
of  the  dot. 

When  a,  an,  and,  or  the  follows  a  word  for  which  the  ing  dot 
is  required,  either  of  these  ticks  may  be  used  instead  of  the  dot. 


I  commend 
I  condemn 
I  complain 


I  confess 
I  contend 
I  command 


of  common 
of  committee 
of  contract 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


adopting  a 
arresting  a 
casting  a 
testing  the 
bidding  the 


putting  the 
fostering  the 
dating  the 
doubting  the 


interesting  the 
ministering  the 
cheating  the 
assisting  the 


When  to  is  followed  by  a  word  the  position  of  which  is 
governed  by  a  full  or  double  length  perpendicular  or  inclined 
stem,  to  may  be  omitted  and  shown  by  placing  the  outline  entirely 
below  the  line.  This  is  called  the  fourth  position. 


to  be 
to  have 
to  do 
to  say 
to  your 
to  this 


to  thank 
to  believe 
to  move 
to  keep 
to  place 
to  take 


to  follow 
to  prove 
to  receive 
to  live 
to  cover 
to  look 


to  request 
to  become 
too  early 
to  observe 
to  conduct 
to  have  been 


LIST  OF  TICKS. 
First  position,  ......  /(up  or  down)      .  .fT.  .Iwiil 

......  I  have 

......  I  will  not 

......  I  have  not 

Third  position,  .....  who.  whom  (down).  .  .  .  .  .who  are 

......  who  will 

s> 

......  who  are  not 

t? 

......  who  will  not 

t/> 

......  who  have 

......  who  have  not 


First  position, 
Third      " 


of  (up  when  alone) 


.  to,  too  (downward) 


a,  an.  and  (only  used  when  joined) 


the  (only  used  when  joined) 


SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS.  59 

First  position,  an,  and  (when  alone) 

Second    "  ...*...  a  (when  atone) 

Third       "  . .  v  ..  the  (when  alone) 

.....  we  would  (always  joined) 

v  n 

you,  your  (always  joined) 

First  position,  awe  (alone) 

Second    "  ../...  owe,  0,  Oh  (alone) 

TICKS,  ETC.,  JOINED. 

FIRST  POSITION.  THIRD  POSITION. 


.and  I,  a,  an  . . . . — to  whom 

.and  the  ........ to  a 

.and  of  to  the 


who  would 

..of  the  ...     ...of  whom 


and  as  or  his  .......  to  his 

and  as  I,  a 


o 

of  his  (upward) 


TICKS,  BRIEFS,  CIRCLES  AND  LOOPS  JOINED 

to  whom  of  a  who  has 

and  the  to  the  to  a 

to  his  who  is  of  as 

of  the  of  whom  who  have 

who  would  as  I  who  is 

and  a  and  of  has  not  (\) 


60 


SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS. 


is  not  (3) 

and  is  it 

and  is  there  (3) 

and  I 

who  are  not 

as  I  would 

and  as  (  1  ) 

and  as  a  (1) 

and  I  will  not 

and  is^^ 

and  is  a  (3) 

as  I  have  not 

of  his 

as  I  have 

and  as  it  is  (1) 

who  would 

and  I  have 

and  is  it  as  (3) 

and  as  I 

and  I  will 

and  as  there  is 

and  I  am 

as  to  the  (1) 

and  as  to  that 

and  as  to  (1) 

is  to  the  (3) 

and  as  to  the" 

and  is  the  (3) 

to  whom  we 

and  I  have  not 

and  has  the 

and  as  there  (1) 

and  as  there  is  not 

PHRASES  COMBINING  ALL  RULES. 

and  this 

on  the  contrary 

on  the  other  hand 

knows  your 

inasmuch 

I  am  in  receipt 

wishing  you 

for  some  time 

at  the  same  time 

to  collect 

to  give  you 

you  do  not  want 

I  have  been 

I  have  your 

we  have  your  favor 

as  a  rule  (1) 

to  meet  you 

I  hope  you  can 

as  I  am  (J  down) 

we  will  have 

I  will  not  have 

as  I  was  (/  down) 

I  will  not  say 

and  I  am  not 

as  I  think  (/  up) 

I  do  not  understand 

I  have  no  other 

as  I  know  (/up) 

I  did  not  say 

I  cannot  be  there 

we  thank  you 

and  yet  there  is 

state  of  the  case 

have  all  been 

I  hope  you  will 

on  the  part  of  the 

that  you  have 

I  will  be  there 

I  will  not  pay 

as  we  have 

and  that  this  is 

and  I  have  no  doubt 

as  they  have 

I  think  there  is 

we  have  been  there 

that  I  am 

we  do  not  think 

for  I  have  not  been 

and  you  may 

that  we  have  been 

I  think  you  will  be 

we  have  had 

to  whom  you  refer 

I  think  you  have  been 

I  am  not 

and  though  there  is 

as  I  have  not  ytt 

I  shall  have 

if  it  is  not 

we  think  you  will  find 

in  all  his 

in  a  great  many  cases  I  am  in  receipt  of  your 

my  own  knowledge 

I  think  you  will 

we  have  drawn  on  you 

and  my  own 

I  have  no  doubt 

yours  truly 

we  give  you 

I  have  this  day 

yours  respectfully 

some  time  ago 

in  receipt  of  your 

yoursveryrespectfully 

to  call  your 

had  he  been  there 

I  am  yours  sincerely 

whom  you  could 

at  the  present  time 

I  am  yours  very  truly 

SUPPLEMENTARY  LESSONS. 


61 


In  writing  amounts,  the  words  million,  thousand,  hundred, 
dollars  and  cents  should  be  written  in  shorthand  ;  as, 


for  $5,200,102.06. 

Fractions  with  one  for  the  numerator  are  written  with  the 
figure  one  very  long,  and  denominator  joined  to  it  ;  as, 


The  line  of  writing  may  be  used  for  fractional  line  in  larger- 
fractions. 

In  quoting  range  of  prices,  to  is  shown  by  placing  the  follow- 
ing figure  entirely  below  the  line  (4th  position) ;  and  or,  by 
placing  following  figure  above  the  line  ;  as, 


19 


.21. 


211 


8  10 


19  25 


WORDS    DISTINGUISHED. 


cost      —  •*=> 
caused.  

before     v        v 
above.  .  .  ^X  .  -  ^»  

God     *  —         ""I 
guide  

^^_^ 

station        P       /° 
situation..  .  L/.  .  .C^  

train        0       I     x> 
turn  v..   x.  

valuation    r\        1     ^) 
violation  .  .  .  \»^l  .  .  .  rvr/  .  .  ,  

gentleman      ^      S 
agent.  .                .  .  f^.  .  . 

count       —2      <^ 
account..            

62 

appeal 
bill 

honestly 
nicely 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


profit 
provide. . 

marked 
market. 

finely 
finally  .  . 

cancel 
counsel. . 


X 


character 
caricature 


oppression    ex     ^ 
operation, /V 


gradation     *-       I  / 

graduation U &. 


level 

lovely.. 


bread 

board. .  AV  ..  •" 


cramped 
crammed 


beautiful 

pitiful x .X. 

O  V 


.,. 


ngenious 
ingenuous 

cordiaUy 
gradually 


V 


bkth 
breath 


V  A     *V 

.  .  X  .  V  -  .  .  .  .X  ......... 


partner 
part-ovvTier 


*V 

.  .X 

x 


prosecution 

persecution  .^..r^, 
o 


protect 
product. 


protection 
production. 


appropriation  Cv          <\ 
preparation .  xs. . . . .  .\  .  /O 


extension 
extenuation. 


garden 
guardian 


itor     1       0 
der.  .U....h. 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


63 


profaned 
prevent 

melt                ^ — ^ 
mold...CT> C.\ 


melter 
molder/ 

funeral. 
funereal.. 


oppressor 

pursuer 

peruser 


month 
minute 
Monday 

little 
lately 


detect 
deduct.  . 

accepting 
expecting 

accepted 
expected 


writer 
reader 


advice 

device...  V. .".).. 


mission 
machine  . 


missionary 
machinery 


repression 
reparation  S. . .  ^ 

interested 
understood 

undefined 
indefinite . . 


nobody 
anybody. 


violent 
valient 


CL 


indication 
induction  S 


debtor 
editor 


J 


itor....Vj. .  ..IU,,. 


decease 

disease —  I I 


64 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


deceased 
diseased. .  J 


administration 
demonstration. 


adoration 
duration.. 


.IZ..I. 


poor 
pure 


-v-v 


purpose 
propose 


bright 
broad. 


staid 
steady. 


f...r. 


favored 
favor  it  — "> 


fierce 
furious 


proposal 
proposition 


Mrs. 

Misses 

^latitude 
altitude 

island 
land/. 


erroneously, 
earnestly 


fiscal 
physical. 

weed 
wood 
wheat..,. 


hardly  x-  & 
heartily^  „ 
hardly . 


sport 
support 
separate 
spread..  . 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  65 

SENTENCES  CONTAINING  WORDS  DISTINGUISHED. 

I  could  not  prevent  their  going  away. 

He  was  a  very  profane  man. 

They  gave  us  very  good  advice. 

It  was  quite  an  ingenious  device. 

The  character  of  the  man  was  above  reproach. 

It  was  a  perfect  caricature  of  herself. 

There  was  a  full  account  in  the  paper. 

They  will  count  the  votes  next  Monday. 

What  is  the  valuation  of  that  property  ? 

That  is  a  violation  of  a  well  known  law. 

The  cost  was  more  than  the  original  proposition. 

This  caused  his  partner  to  change  his  plans. 

I  understood  that  they  had  lately  built  an  extension. 

There  is  nothing  to  say  in  extenuation  of  the  evils  of  his 
administration. 

The  indication  is  that  the  market  will  gradually  weaken, 
owing  to  the  large  production  of  corn. 

Her  manner  is  quite  ingenuous  and  lovely. 

There  is  a  steady  and  marked  advance  in  wheat. 

The  oppression  of  the  poor  in  Russia  is  pitiful. 

The  operation  was  of  shorter  duration  than  was  expected. 

The  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  earnestly  appeals  for  aid. 

Thep?'q/i£on  bread  making  by  machinery  has  been  erroneously 
stated. 

We  are  cramped  for  funds,  as  the  appropriation  was  too 
small  for  the  purpose. 

Just  before  graduation  the  pupils  are  usually  crammed. 

I  cordially  support  the  gentleman  for  the  prosecution. 

An  island  is  Zemd  surrounded  by  water. 

He  finally  became  a  missionary,  and  was  valiant  for  the  cause. 

The  situation  of  the  house  is  at  an  altitude  of  four  thousand 
feet  above  the  Zei'e/  of  the  sea. 

Clay  molders  are  numerous,  and  do  some  beautiful  work. 

He  is  part-owner  of  the  machine  which  is  in  preparation. 

The  gradation  you  propose  meets  my  approval. 

I  am  heartily  interested  in  the  protection  of  the  writer  of  the 
little  book,  now  in  the  hands  of  the  editor,  called  "Physical 
Culture." 


66  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Phonography  seems  to  be  the  favorite  study. 

Mrs.  Smith  was  finely  dressed,  having  a  long  train. 

Nobody  favored  the  fierce  prosecution  of  the  debtor. 

The  wood  spread  across  the  broad  valley. 

I  hardly  expected  they  would  deduct  from  the  bill  after 
accepting  the  pattern. 

Why  did  you  make  such  sport  of  your  staid  guardian  ? 

At  last  they  had  to  separate  at  the  station. 

He  was  a  bright  child,  but  he  held  his  breath  when  he  cried. 

His  birth  place  was  in  the  Southern  latitude. 

The  broad  avenues  of  our  capital  are  beautiful. 

He  was  a  traitor  to  his  country,  and  was  soon  caught  by  his 
pursuer. 

The  deceased  man  left  no  will.  His  disease  was  consumption. 
He  was  a  trader  in  the  West. 

Violent  acts  and  furious  demonstrations  are  uncalled  for  in 
meeting  the  oppressor. 

May  the  God  of  our  fathers  be  your  guide. 

It  is  pleasant  to  breathe  the  pure  air  in  the  garden  in  the 
month  of  May.  • 

We  will  consider  the  propriety  of  accepting  your  proposal. 

Anybody  may  be  a  peruser  of  the  papers  for  at  least  a  few 
minutes  every  day. 

The  funeral  of  the  deceased  took  place  last  Monday. 

The  product  of  our  land  is  entirely  grain — mostly  wheat  and 
some  corn. 

We  must  protect  our  agent,  and  make  the  reparation  he  de- 
mands. 

The  repression  of  the  rebellion  was  accomplished  after  many 
invasions. 

Expecting  he  would  detect  the  error  and  honestly  correct  the 
account,  we  did  not  employ  counsel. 

It  was  quite  an  innovation,  and  seemed  to  provide  the  Misses 
D with  much  amusement. 

Write  your  outlines  as  nicely  and  accurately  as  possible. 

The  fiscal  year  is  now  near  its  close. 

The  demonstration  was  one  of  pure  adoration,  but  one  of 
short  duration. 

The  gentleman  is  an  agent,  not  a  partner  in  the  business. 

They  must  melt  the  iron  before  they  can  £urn  it  into  the  mold. 


SUPPLEMENTARY     LESSONS 


67 


Your  statement  is  very  indefinite. 

His  induction  into  office  occurred  last  week. 

He  was  one  of  my  first  patrons. 

"  Man  proposes,  but  God  disposes." 

"By  induction  Franklin  established  the  identity  of  lightning 
and  electricity  ;  by  deduction  he  inferred  that  dwellings  might  be 
protected  by  lightning  rods." 

LAW  WORDS  AND  PHRASES. 


above 


judicate J 


** -v^ 


appellant 


appertaining, 
appurtenances 
arraignment . . 


assigns. 


attorney-at-law 


at  and  before 


at  or  before 


counsel.. 


codicils.. 


complainan 


\ 

inants ^9. 


68 


SUPPLEMENTARY  LESSONS. 


constitute. 


corporator. 


counter  complaint . . .  $. 


covenants. 


cross-examine..: 


cross  examination 


recross-examinatio 


day  and  year^rV. 


debenture. 


decedent 


defendant. 


t: 


defendant's  counsel,  cr 


demurrer . 


deponent J. . . . 


deposes JL . . . . . 


deposit 


ition. . .  J 


devised , 


devisee — I... 


direct  examinations 


redirect  examination 


ensealing. 


executors . 


executrix. 9. 


foresee.. 


foregoing . 


forever. 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


69 


grantor. 


grantee . 


hereat. 


hereby 


hereditaments 


herein . .    , .  .~T~x 


hereinafter 


hereinbefore 


hereinunder 


hereon 


hereto. 


heretofore. 


hereunto 


herewith . . 


heir-at-law 


immaterial 


indenture. 


injunction 


in  testimony  whereof. 


In  witness  whereof, 
I  have  hereunto  set 
my  hand  and  seal... 


irrelevant 


judicature. 


judgment. 


70 
jurisdiction . 

jurisprudence  ./. 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


know  all  men  by  these 

presents  .Q-r<^7~^  .  .     ..... 


last  will  and  testament 

^ 


lawful-ly . 


mortgage . 


mortgagee. 


mortgagor. 


notarial. 


object 


\ 


objected  to 


•^ 


objection  sustained 


..  .  _>P. 


on  or  about. 


or  otherwise. 


c 

ise  .....  ^X 


otherwise 


objection  overruled..  . 


objected  to  as  imma 
terial 


party  of  the  first  part . . 


party  of  the  second   s\ 
part 


patent. 


patentee. 

r   V 

personal  estate) ^-J?- 


intiff  .....  A. 


plaintiff 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


71 


plaintiff's  counsel. .  .aryfr5. 


referee 


relator. 


respondent. , 


released 


relevant. 


reversion . 


shall  and  will. 


signed,  sealed  and  de- 
livered in  the  pres 
ence  of 


special  term 
specifications 


:*/J 


state  of  the  case. 


supervisory. 


superior  court. . .  ;y. . . . 


supreme  court 


testator. .  p 

U 


testimony. 


testamentarv. 


.  07^\. 


thereafter. 


thereat. 


therefor-e. 


therein. . . 


thereof. 


thereon. 


( 


72 

thereto     .  .  .. 


thereunto. 


.P. 

' 


SUPPLEMENTARY  LESSONS. 

wheresoever  . 
whereat. .  /\ .  \ 


therewith. .( 

to  wit  .  J 


to  have  been . 


to  hold. 


waive. 


X. 


warrant . 


we  therefore 


whatever 


whatsoever 


whensoever . 


\ 


wherefore 


wherein. 


whereof. 


whereon 


whereto <\ . 

whereupon . 


wherewith. . . .  x*  • 


•A 


witness 


witnesseth . 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

WORD  SIGNS  AND  CONTRACTIONS. 


According. Baptism. , 

Acknowledge Because. . 


Advantage. . .  .1. „ — Become. 

b 


73 


Bankruptcy. . .  ,>r<^ . . ,  ..Catholic 

..Celestially...^/........ 

..Certificate 

/^ 
..Change./ 

Advertise. . .  ~. . Before  . .  .\ Characteristic ... . . .  M .  . . . 

Almost.. ...Began , Charge 

Already . . .  u. , . . .  Begin Children . . ./?. ,,..  A ...,., 

Altogether Begun... TTTT?.  Christian....  .„....., 

Among. .>w!^ .Belief-ve. . . ^-. ...«» ..Circumstance. , . 

f  ^ 

Angel / Belong .-....» Circumstantial 

Another , Benignant  X,^.. . ... ........ .Citizen. . .  .P 

Antagonistic  ...... n Between . . . | Collect.. iC-....r. .:.-.-.. . . . ,. 

0  r 

Any Beyond. ..Come. ...  .TTT 

Archangel. .^1 Bishopric  . . ..^.  — ... . .Controversy. 

K  -2_ 

Archbishop  .^7. Brethren...^ Correct. 


$ 


rv 

Architecture-al h-rr*.  .Brother . .  A Could 

Are , But.. A County 

Aristocracy-tic...!]....,..  C  Cross-examine 


Artificial  ..^. Cabinet. 

-V"" 


Astonish-ed Can December . 

B  Capable .\ Defendant. 

Bankrupt.. TrrT^S Captain „ Pegree 


Jbx. 


74  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Deliver...! Endeavor v Gentlemen..^. 

l—N  ^ 

Democracy-tic Especial-ly..  .A.. Give-n  ,liUAA.. 

I                                      }                               — 
Democrat. .  .f-TTTN Establish.  .V^. Go 

Describe Evangelical.  V^^.^ Govern  .« 

Description — „  Ever. .  Srr Governor. 


. 

Develop. J\. E3eecutrix...'..P..i..iJf?..  Great  Britain.  f 

Did. .  1 Experience. . .°\. . .  ...... 

^  v 

Differ-ence-ent..| Extraordinary. H 

I 

Difflcult-y. F  Had 


Dignify..  1 Fact Half , 


Dignity..  I T~. Familiar.. 1. Halve 

L_—                                                  V-x^^S  . 

I  '^^^ ^  V 

Discriminate.) .Familiarity Hath 


Distinct..! February... V~^ Have 


Distinguish..!.... Financial-ly He...^T> 

I             ^                        I                                               A 
Do. First.. .>=? Health-y  ./..S, 

/J 

Dr. (Doctor)  ... For...S»r Hear...T>. 

Doctrine...:! Form Heaven.... Vs 

Dollar... ...Frequent Help../T..\ 


Domestic. .  YT~trrr-. From  ...  : : , Her  . .  J 

During.. (I G  Here  .rrx 

P 

Dwell. I .Gave  . .  .••.'.•.•.. Him. .  STT\ 

E  General-ly </,  History. ... 


Eff ect. . ,>TT— rr-. Gentleman..... Home..  .rT!TT\ 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


75 


.../ .Next....>?T^?.. 

Immediate  . . ^i<^- ,  •  •  • .  Legislature  . /. / Notwithstanding . . 7-rrff . . 

/~~v\                           s— f 
Importance-t .  ..Length-y X November 

Inartiflcial-ly .  .fM^. .  . .  .Long  (adj.) Now 

Indignity...^. ,,  M  Number,... /S 

Indispensable-y.  .7.A ......  Malignant  ^ . 

Influence .  .Vrl Manufactory  . . 

X/3 

Influential  /TT\S-?. Manufacture . 

Inscribe Manufacturer 

Insurance .Massachusetts 


Intelligence.... <x. Member. .  .<777>. Oh.,/.., 

Intelligent....^ Memoranda  .., .' .....  Opinion.,. ^>v- ••• 

Interrogatory.  Memorandum  Opportunity.. \. 

J  Mistake.... <7^rrr: Other. -V 

January.. T-r/. Mr.  (Mister) Our 

Jr.  (Junior)...?. Mistook ....Over...^.....: 


Jurisprudence.  ..f. Movement ,. Own... 


Kingdom 
Knew... 


P 

V 


. . .  .Neglect . .  .S^-^TT. Parliament, 

"—1  \ 

....Never V*- Part....  


"^                                       s^z  v 

Knowledge..  ;. Nevertheless .>rr1V. Particular  ..\. 


Language. 


New Peculiar  A 

^^ 

New  York Peculiarity. 


76  SUPPLEMENTARY   LESSONS. 

Pecuniary . . . \..... . .  Probability .*»X. - Republic-sh . .^ . . .>^ 

s/s 

People  *....%. Probable-y...S. — Repugnant. 


. Proportion . . A- Responsibility .  y^. 

Performance.,.../) PubUc-sh..\ <-  ...  Responsible-y 

v&  X  -^ 

Perpendicular.  ...5\,..  O  Resurrection.. 


Perpendicularity..^..  J... Quality .T7 Rev.  (Reverend).  /..  >r. . . 

^L 


Philanthropy. .  .TrrrrT Quarter. .Revolutionary. .  {..<.... 

Question .  .Crrrr. Roman  Catholic./. . .  .V. 

R  S 

Recollect.,  rf-fTTT.. ....  ....San  Francisco 


Philanthropic. 
Phonographer 

Phonographic 

Phonography Recollection . .  *r?T. Satisfaction r 

Plaintiff.  .  ,\ Recoverable  <.. ....  ,\ . . . . Satisfactory. 

^  -?  e 

Plenipotentiary. .  .^ r.Refer-ence — fT7. ,,  Savior . . .  >r: 

Popular-ity . . . /\ Regular. .  /. .  September  . .  xTTT> 

Possible-y Regularity.... .. Several... Vr. 

Practicable-y . .  /TTTS^  ...ReUgion.....^.^ Shall. 

Practical-ly........ ...Reltoquish  .. ,/****}. .Should....^). 

-Practice.....^..., Reluctantly «?..  ....  Signify. 

Preliminary  .^^/rr^TT.^ . .  .Remark ..... .\77^. Similar . 

Prerogative.... Remember.. .T^TTx  .  ..  .Similarity. 

<\O  N. 

Preservation.  . 3,. Remembrance  .... .rTTft . .Smgular. 

Principal-le . .  JX^ Represent-ative. .  <<^.  .\ . . .  Somewhat . . .  .<T> 

i .  S  ./O . .  Southern  ..>}., 


ivilege...  -^V- 


Privilege 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

Speak ^..... Them..  A .When...  J. , 

Special-ly...\ These  .,.) Where... <<^. 

Spoke.... \. *.... Thing ...Which.../ 

Subject  ..\.,... Think.../ ..Whom.... .......  ... 

v.  /^"^'  :'  / 

e  ^-^ 

Subjection  ..X) Time ". Will...xTr..- ..., 

Suggestion....*/ Together  ...-!-rrr-... ...... With... /". 

3  * 

Superflcial-ly . .9\. Transubstantiation  .c\.. . . Without , 

V  0  ^ 

Superintendent. . . /TT .\vTruth f . . . . World <^T. 

°Sv  ( 

Surprise..../?. .  U  Worth. ....V. .. 


77 


Swear..  ........  .  .........  Understood  .^rn-r^-T^-i...  Would..  Trv.  .....  ... 


.  Trv. 
Swift  ,.  ...............  ....  Usual....  .\  ..........  .....  Y 

Swore  ....rT.).  ...........  United  States  .....  (>  ......  Year  .....  f.  .....  ..... 

Sympathy..  fT/?..  .......  •  W  Yet...C 

>v 

System...  P....  .  ....r..Was  .....  ..........  ......  .Young..../ 

T  Wealth-y....J....  ...   ....Your  ......  (~. 

f 

Thank-ed  ./.  ........  ......  Well  ../C^..  ............  ;Y6uth..(!  ............ 

(  . 

That  ......  —  ,  .............  Were  .  .  ^7..  ............... 

f!  1 

Their,  There,  .  ,\  .........  What.  .  .  J  ......  .  .......   ... 


AN    INCONSEQUENT    HISTORY    OF    INCONGRUOUS    THINGS. 
NO.     1. 

An  intelligent  young  man,  having  become  antagonistic 
because  a  citizen  would  cross-examine  him,  together  with  his 
domestic,  as  to  their  religion,  spoke  to  an  archbishop  who  was 
familiar  with  his  history,  and  asked  him  to  take  charge  of  the 


78  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

controversy.  The  Roman  Catholic  gentleman  was  astonished  at 
the  suggestion,  but  thanked  the  youth  for  the  opportunity  it  gave 
him  to  develop  his  doctrine  and  help  his  generation.  His  brethren , 
nevertheless,  were  of  the  opinion  that  he  should  discriminate 
somewhat,  and  gave  him  the  privilege  to  acknowledge  his  respon- 
sibility and  establish  his  belief.  Another  circumstance  should  be 
understood  as  possibly  distinguishing  between  prerogative  and 
principle :  the  youth  mistook  the  movement  for  a  financial  per- 
formance, and  began  to  practice  his  malignant  familiarity,  which 
was  a  new  thing  in  the  experience  of  the  evangelical  brother, 
who  swore  somewhat,  but  yet  did  not  go  beyond  the  dignity  of 
his  Catholic  and  Christian  endeavor. 

This,  it  is  well  to  remember,  was  in  New  York,  before  the 
first  of  January,  when  the  Doctor  was  preaching  transubstantia- 
tion,  a  truth  not  generally  held,  and  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts, 
a  plenipotentiary  from  San  Francisco,  a  member  of  Parliament 
from  Great  Britain,  and  other  representative  people  were  particu- 
lar as  to  the  perpendicularity  of  their  belief.  An  angel  from 
heaven  could  have  had  no  difficulty  to  establish  intelligence  on 
the  subject  of  insurance  ;  and  even  the  archangels  who  dwell  on 
the  resurrection,  have  found  their  knowledge  altogether  without 
importance  in  the  peculiar  contingency.  The  fact  is,  a  Southern 
gentleman,  to  whom  the  question  was  given,  began  to  make 
memoranda  with  reference  to  jurisprudence  in  the  celestial  world, 
and  to  inscribe  in-  phonographic  characteristics  his  own  recollec- 
tions and  observations,  and  to  speak  of  the  objections  and  advan- 
tages of  a.  Republic.  A  swift  phoriographer,  with  a  memorandum- 
book,  had  part  in  the  controversy,  and  several  other  capable  gen- 
tlemen, among  them  a  manufacturer,  who  was  their  captain,  and  a 
Democrat,  began  to  remark  on  the  effects  of  an  aristocracy.  The 
County  Democracy,  who  are  responsible  for  much  neglect  and 
misdemeanor,  and  who  during.  February,  September,  November, 
and  December  of  each  year  manufacture  revolutionary  language 
for  the  Legislature,  gave  a  satisfactory  description  of  the  differ- 
ence between  the  plaintiff  and  defendant ;  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brown, 
ever  ready  to  deliver  his  opinion,  or  to  change  it  on  any  subject 
for  a  dollar,  said,  notwithstanding  his  surprise  at  the  indignity 
shown  him,  he  would  never  again  have  sympathy  for  a  system 
without  a  pecuniary  object. 

I  remember  a  time,  now  past,  when  preliminary  bankruptcy 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.  79 

was  healthy,  and  would  influence  people  to  swear  ;  but  do  not 
infer  from  this  that  any  bankrupt  would  think  it  practicable  to 
do  so.-  According  to  our  distinct  remembrance  the  architectural 
bishopric  was  circumstantial  and  artificial,  and  no  certificate  of 
baptism  could  dignify  the  mistake,  or  qualify  the  probability  to 
the  satisfaction  of  the  junior  member.  The  peculiarity  of  the 
half  length  in  phonography  is  singular,  but  practical,  and  its 
preservation,  because  indispensable,  will  probably  continue  as 
usual,  notwithstanding  the  number  of  perpendicular  strokes  out 
of  proportion.  These  do  not  signify  where  similar  strokes  come 
together  in  a  regular  way.  Regularity  is  what  we  owe  to  system. 
Wealth  lies  in  that  quarter,  and  worth.  Your  benignant  people 
belong  to  this  class,  and  to  them  we  shall  send  a  Saviour.  Super- 
ficially. Truth  hath  her  home  here,  and  has  had.  oh  !  so  long.  The 
immediate  kingdom,  though  large,  is  no  mere  manufactory,  as  I 
recollect  it.  It  is  also  recoverable  in  a  degree  by  the  public,  and 
never  overcrowded.  Next  to  being  under  subjection  to  an  execu- 
trix or  an  administratrix,  it  is  repugnant  to  have  a  representation 
in  the  Cabinet,  especially  if  one  can  govern  himself,  or  advertise 
what  is  already  begun  or  almost  to  begin.  As  this  is  altogether 
beneficial,  I  need  not  describe  it  nor  mention  it  for  children  to 
hear  with  awe ;  but  simply  collect  the  facts  and  correct  the 
errors,  and  thus  halve  the  difficulties  inartificially  and  in  due 
form.  To  this  regularity  no  one  could  specially  object,  because 
the  frequent  and  peculiar  evidences  of  popularity  attending  a 
similarity  of  movement  everybody  knew. 

Financially  speaking,  the  general  condition  of  the  Demo- 
cratic party  is  not  important ;  nevertheless,  people  differ  accord- 
ing to  their  different  temperaments,  and  it  should  not  astonisli  any 
one  that  the  wealthy  give  special  care  to  health,  and  believe  in 
avoiding  superficial  remedies,  even  though  popular.  The  principal 
architecture  of  our  large  cities  has  especial  reference  to  aristocratic 
taste,  although  it  is  inartificial  and  practically  useless.  But  a 
lengthy  dissertation  is  not  possible,  so  this  shall  not  be  long.  It 
will  probably  represent  the  celestially  inclined,  and  refer  to  an 
interrogatory  or  two  indispensably  connected  with  the  subject. 
Thank  nobody  for  this,  nor  publish  the  fact,  however  responsibly 
it  may  be  stated.  This  will  not  do  to  republish,  for,  oh  !  it  is  so 
flat. 


80  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS.    , 

NO.    2. 

Mr  Cleveland,  Governor  of  New  York,  a  gentleman  of  large 
experience,  should  know  how  to  determine  the  peculiar  principle 
of  his  own  particular  party,  as  he  has  had  an  advantage  in  con- 
nection with  gentlemen  of  somewhat  similar  intelligence,  who 
propose  to  do  well,  and  will  not  do  anything  to  their  disadvantage  ; 
but.  according  to  a  memorandum  which  they  made  among  them- 
selves, before  January,  that  is,  between  September  and  December, 
we  think  these  important,  influential,  practical,  and  responsible 
persons  can  establish  a  government  over  the  United  States  from 
Maine  to  San  Francisco,  whose  significance  you  will  here  with 
truthfulness  acknowledge,  notwithstanding  your  counsel  is  differ- 
ent, and  as  member  of  another  party,  you  have  another  object, 
other  memoranda,  and  represent  a  company  that,  at  the  regular 
time  this  year,  did  all  they  were  capable  of  doing  to  deliver  the 
public  property  from  danger. 

Our  opinion  on  this  subject  we  owe  to  no  man  ;  nevertheless, 
as  defendant,  we  shall  swear  that  the  plaintiff  is  not  now  indis- 
pensable, and  we  shall  never  remark  that  his  influence  is  a  thing 
of  significant  importance,  where  they  are,  in  all  probability,  those 
who,  like  a  new  doctor,  ever  advertise  for  profit  when  any  par- 
ticular knowledge  about  the  children  or  family  will  connect  the 
fact,  in  a  general  yet  circumstantial  way,  with  what  I  could  call 
irregular,  in  the  frequent  difficulty  to  exchange  a  dollar  during 
bankruptcy,  behind  which  I  knew  those  familiar  with  insurance 
and  manufacture  to  go. 

Oh  !  I  recollect  a  circumstance,  difficult  to  explain  in  language 
without  phonography.  When  Mr.  Cleveland  was  pretty  well  up 
in  the  world,  he  thought  it  was  practicable,  I  remember,  to  refer 
the  opportunity  of  the  hour  during  his  principal  performance  to 
the  quantity  of  truthful  friends  who,  it  was  probable,  would 
immediately  perform  their  part  with  subjection  upon  his  return 
home. 

COMMON  ERRORS  IN  SPELLING. 

Final  e  is  dropped  before  a  suffix  beginning  with  a  vowel : 

bite  bit-ing  desire  desir-ing 

cure  cur-iug  compose  compos-ing 

save  sav-ing  arrive  arriv-ing 

sale  sal-able  receive  receiv-ing 

give  giv-ing  balance  balanc-ing 


SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 


SI 


Except  in  words  ending  in  ce  or  ge  when  the  suffix  begins 
with  a  or  o  ;  or  when  final  e  is  required  to  preserve  the  identity 
of  the  word. 


peace-able 

change-able 

notice-able 

service-able 

charge-able 


exchange-able 

manage-able 

outrage-ous 

courage-ous 

advantage-ous 


singe-ing 

dye-ing 

tinge-ing 

hoe-ing 

shoe-ing 


Although  contrary  to  rule,  custom  sanctions  dropping  the 
final  e  in 

abridgment 
acknowledgment 
lodgment 
judgment 

DOUBLING  FINAL  CONSONANT. 

Words  of  one  syllable,  and  those  accented  on  the  last  syllable 
ending  in  a  single  consonant  preceded  by  a  single  vowel,  double 
the  final  consonant  before  a  suffix  beginning  with  a  vowel : 


beg 
dip 
begin 
prefer 


begging 
dipped 
beginning 
preferred 


control       controllable 


permit  permitted 

infer  inferred 

occur  occurrence 

sin  sinner 

rid  rid-dance 


Therefore  and  Therefor.—  If  hence  can  be  substituted,  use  the 
word  therefore.    If  instead  of,  then  the  word  therefor. 

Principal  means  chief,  and  must  only  be  used  in  that  sense. 

Principle,  original  cause,  a  motive. 

The  word  capital  is  only  used  for  a  building. 

Council,  an  assemby. 

Counsel,  advice,  direction. 

Consul,  one  appointed  by  the  government  to  care  for  its  com- 
mercial interests. 

USE   OF  Z,   C,   8. 


realize 

recognize 

authorize 

civilize 

patronize 

apologize 

neutralize 

practice,  or  se 


advice  (noun) 
advise  (verb) 
device  (noun) 
devise  (verb) 
defense 
expense 
offense 
pretense 


82  SUPPLEMENTARY    LESSONS. 

SIMPLE  RULES  FOR  El  AND  IE. 

Ei  follows  c  soft ;  as,  receive  •;  ie  follows  other  consonants. 
Or.  i  before  e,  unless  following  c. 

perceive  believe 

receipt  relieve 

deceive  reprieve 

conceive  retrievable 

APOSTROPHE. 

Plural  nouns  which  are  formed  by  adding  s,  require  only  the 
apostrophe  to  denote  possession.  Plural  nouns  which  are  not 
formed  by  adding  s,  must  have  both  apostrophe  and  s,  the  same 
as  nouns  in  the  singular  number. 

Girls'  hats.  Burns's  Poems. 

Boys'  coats.  An  hour's  work. 

Ladies'  calls.  Three  years'  lease. 

Children's  toys.  A  dollar's  worth. 
Men's  clothing. 

ABBREVIATIONS. 

ad  lib.  ad  libitum  (at  pleasure) 

con.  contra  (against) 

do.  ditto  (the  same) 

e.  g.  exempli  gratia 

.  j  et  alibi  and  elsewhere ) 

I  et  alii  or  alias    and  others        f 

I    ,  j  and  others      ) 

etc. ,  &c.  ]  et  caetera   i  .,    , ,    {• 

(  (  and  so  forth  » 

et  seq.  et  sequentes  (and  the  following) 

ib.  ibidem  (in  the  same  place) 

id.  idem  (the  same) 

i.  e.  id  est  (that  is) 

i.  q.  idem  quod  (the  same  as) 

pro  tern.  pro  tempore  (for  the  time  being) 

SS.  or  ss.  scilicet  (namely) 

viz.  videlicet  (namely) 

Vs.  or  vs.  versus  (against) 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 
This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


Form  L9-25m-9,'47(A5618)444 


RNlA 


uss 

ARY 


R5  3  s  Supplementary 
— lessons — %-e — 

Munson's  Complete 
phon  ogra.'oh.ei*  * 


A  000  573  631  9 


Z56 
R53s 


